A symbiosis of present and past! Original Russian stoves in the interiors of houses

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About ten years ago, fireplaces began to be sold en masse - these are beautiful fireboxes of different sizes, made with a variety of decorative finishes. Thanks to the variety of types of portals, such fireplaces began to be installed in almost all private homes. Their beauty and high safety (the firebox is closed under glass) attracted many. For several years, they successfully replaced ancient Russian stoves. Till today…

A little history and facts

The stove is part of Russian folklore! There is no exact information when the prototypes of these structures first appeared. However, at first they had a completely different appearance, little reminiscent of the Russians we are used to. And only recently people began to build them in design and appearance similar to their analogues. Today, such structures are part of houses in Russian villages, where there is only stove heating and there is no talk of any gas. People use them to heat their houses, cook, heat food and bake with them.

The stove is part of Russian folklore

Design

A 6x6 building is most likely a country house, in which it is possible to live not all year round, but only in the warm season. Therefore, its layout is simple due to its small footprint. Its drawing is also simple due to the lack of a heating system.

And for year-round use, more spacious buildings are built, for example, an 8x8 cottage or larger. But then stove heating is simply necessary.

However, a construction company can offer a project for a budget 6x6 house with a heating system. It will include a general drawing of the house and a detailed construction plan. The customer who wishes to have a house with a stove can make his own amendments, which will be immediately taken into account by the contractor. This option is called custom construction.

The client can order from the company not only a finished project, but also the construction of a standard house with already resolved planning issues.

What does a traditional Russian stove with a deck consist of?

The Russian stove is quite massive, its weight reaches several hundred kilograms, so it needs a foundation. In the old days, its role was played by old stones and logs, which were laid out in the base. Today these are reinforced concrete or brick masonry.

It is better to plan construction at the stage of creating a house project. If the structure already exists, the foundation still needs to be made strong!

Essential elements:

• The lower part is the base (pods). It has a niche for storing fuel or kitchen utensils. Using this base, the combustion chamber is raised to the desired height.
• A vault-trough covers the top of the ovens. A layer of sand or clay is poured onto it. This technology is used to retain heat.
• The bottom of the firebox (under) is made with a slight slope towards the rear wall. This is done so that the fuel burns evenly in the chamber.
• The stove firebox consists of two parts: the cooking chamber and the firebox. The cooking chamber is clean without logs and ash, since the fuel is placed in the far chamber - the firebox.
• There is a vault above the firebox - this is the ceiling that separates the firebox and the lower part of the deck.
• The sunbed can be built along the entire length of the firebox. When the fire burns there, heat spreads to the lounger.
• The chimney is installed above the first chamber where food is prepared. Along the way, a valve and a viewing window are installed. Using a damper, the intensity of fuel combustion in the stove is regulated.

The Russian stove is quite massive

Depending on the design features, they may have steps leading to the sun lounger. Also, small shelves are often made along the chimney in order to install decor there.

Masonry process

The masonry mixture is prepared from sifted sand and clay. The clay is left in water for a couple of hours, after which it is sifted through a sieve. Currently, there is no need to prepare this mixture yourself. A number of companies offer ready-made masonry mixtures in various packaging. Using such masonry mixtures is preferable to making them yourself.

Industrial sieves sift a finer fraction of sand and clay, which makes it possible to obtain a more plastic and homogeneous mixture. This mixture will eliminate the formation of voids and air bubbles in the seams during laying.

First, the outer layer, which consists of bricks, is assembled, and then the middle. There should be no voids in the seams, so fill them with a clay mixture.

The first rows are built using solid bricks. The first row of stitches requires dressing. After the first rows are ready, the brick will have to be cut.

The chopped side of the brick should be inside the masonry. This rule is also used when constructing smoke ducts. The chimney is built from red burnt brick. And the opening of the firebox is created using a metal corner, a “lock” layout.

Before the first fire, it is recommended to wait 3 weeks.

Modern Russian stoves: what are they?

May vary in size and functionality. Traditional options have dimensions: length - 2.5 meters, width - 1.5 meters. Products can be of different sizes:

• small (178*124 cm);
• medium (213*147 cm);
• (231*160 cm).

In rare cases, furnaces can be built to non-standard sizes.

But few people were satisfied with the old ones - unattractive appearance, the ability to cook only inside the hearth, limited capabilities. Thanks to the work of craftsmen and changes in designs, Russian stoves have regained popularity. They have everything you need to heat your home, cook food and more.

Modern version

So, the latest additions:

• equipped with a cooking floor. Such designs are multifunctional and can replace any hobs and stoves;
• with fireplace. This option is a new trend. Its peculiarity is that the rear wall of the firebox structure is led into another room through the wall. Thus, it turns out that one design combines two: a fireplace with a flame effect and all the magnificent sounds of crackling wood, as well as a classic Russian stove that heats the house, has a firebox for cooking and a stove for cooking;
• with a bed. In the classic versions it was very large. Three people could fit on the sun lounger. An analogue has a sunbed, but only smaller. It is enough for one person to live comfortably. However, this disadvantage can be easily compensated for by an attached trestle bed.

According to fire safety rules, all furniture and equipment must be at a distance of 1 meter from the firebox!

Such designs are multifunctional

Pros and cons of designs

In addition to beauty and warmth, they have some advantages:

• uniform heat transfer and accumulation;
• high level of efficiency;
• bottom heating The classic versions were devoid of this. Only after some time, builders modified the stoves, making them more practical to use. This feature makes it possible to heat the room as a whole;
• high security. Since all structures are made of brick, the walls of the furnace do not heat up to such a temperature as to cause a fire or burn;
• built-in stove. Enables housewives to prepare food in their usual way;
• long service life. A properly made structure can last more than 30 years.

Minuses:

• you will have to stockpile solid fuel for the winter;
• the firewood will have to be dried, since wet wood cannot be placed in the firebox;
• When heating a house with a Russian stove, excess waste from the fuel occurs.

Warm and cozy sleeping place

The Russian stove cannot be called an ideal device - it has positive aspects and shortcomings. For example, in order to learn how to cook in it, housewives will have to go through a long training phase. For ignition you will need firewood, which will have to be prepared. These are, of course, not the electric or gas boilers that everyone is so used to. But the Russian stove also has a lot of positive aspects:

• there is an opportunity to cook excellent dishes. They turn out very tasty and differ from those cooked on stoves;
• depending on the design features, the Russian stove can be equipped with a sun lounger, allowing you to relax comfortably during the cold season. It can also have shelves;
• and finally, the effect of the flame, the sound of crackling logs and flickering fire - no device can replace this.

Layout features

In a one-story house measuring 6 by 6, there are not many layout options. On an area of ​​36 sq. m. you need to place living and utility rooms, separating them with partitions.

In a house for a married couple without children, it is enough to make a spacious kitchen (about 10 m2) and one living room (16 m2). The kitchen is equipped with a dining room, and the room is used as a bedroom and living room. With this arrangement, there is still space for a bathroom and a vestibule near the front door.

If a child is growing in the family, the kitchen and room will have to be reduced in favor of the children's room.

But in this case, the best option is to build a house on two floors or with an insulated attic. In the layout of a two-story house, a children's room and a bedroom for adults are located on the second floor.

In a small house, you shouldn’t discount the basement. Having made a high foundation, you can arrange a basement floor and use it for utility rooms or a garage. This option is especially relevant on a small plot of land, where you need to save every piece of land. In addition to the garage, in the basement there is a workshop and a storage room for storing supplies for the winter.

• The bathroom and toilet are combined. Firstly, a small family will not create inconvenience when using a shared bathroom, and secondly, even a short wall takes up space. Make the bathroom better in the veranda.

One part of it is completely fenced off with a partition with a door, and all the plumbing is placed in the resulting room. Another option for the location of the bathroom is the hallway. It is located between the entrance and kitchen door, or between the kitchen and living room.

Russian stoves in the interior

Despite the development of technology and the appearance on the market of fashionable cast-iron fireboxes, which are framed in various decorative portals, the Russian stove still remains popular. Of course, it has changed not only externally, but also structurally. It has become more practical, convenient and safe; in addition, its design uses construction technologies and materials that can increase efficiency, as well as the aesthetic component.

Has advantages and disadvantages

Advantages

Wooden houses are the basis of the architecture of ancient Rus'. And, despite the development of technology and the emergence of building materials from which buildings are erected, wood still occupies a special place. Such houses are filled with comfort, and the Russian stove only complements the extraordinary spiritual atmosphere. The installation of a Russian stove in a wooden house must be carried out in compliance with the safety requirements established by our legislation.

Brick

Made from brick - this is a classic. Previously, such structures were built from homemade clay bricks, which were fired over a fire. The products are large in size due to the presence of a hob, a compartment for baking, and a lounger for relaxing.

The brick version is a classic

Advantages:

• Brick takes longer to cool than other materials. A stove built from it will give off heat longer after the fire dies out. As a result, the rooms will remain warm for a long time.
• A large structure can heat even a large house with several floors. This is possible if it is installed in the middle of the house, and the chimney is led up inside the walls that separate the rooms on the second floor. Today, the chimney is no longer made of ordinary brickwork. It is made from galvanized or stainless steel pipes that run in the middle of a compartment located inside the walls. And if ventilation grilles are made in the compartments along the chimney, then the heat emanating from the chimney will spread throughout the rooms.
• The brick does not heat up to a temperature that could create a fire. This building material is quite durable and practical. It can be used as a basis for applying decorative plaster, gluing with tiles and other finishing materials. Moreover, it is capable of serving without restoration for 30 years.
• The cost of such a design is not high compared to purchasing a cast iron firebox and a marble portal. It is worth noting that most of the cost is allocated to creating a high-quality foundation.

Modern and stylish

Unfortunately, like others, brick ones are not without their drawbacks. The main thing is the fact that for a brick structure you will have to build a powerful foundation. It can be a monolithic or reinforced concrete structure. If you install a brick one without a foundation, the floor may sag under its weight.

Precautionary measures

A Russian brick stove cannot be installed in all parts of the house. The location directly depends on the structural features of the building. It is better when the idea of ​​construction appears at the stage of designing a house. Then it is possible to correctly calculate the location, as well as make an appropriate foundation.

If the house has already been built, then you will need to dismantle the floor in the place where the hearth will be installed to the base and make a scaffold.

Russian fairy tale at your home

Other options

Among the variety of options for installing heating systems in wooden houses, it is worth highlighting two main ones:

Fireplace stoves are iron fireboxes with a large viewing window. They can have a hob and are not framed by anything. Minus - the walls of the structure become very hot and can cause burns or fire.

Cast iron fireboxes are beautiful fireplaces that can heat large rooms. Many manufacturers make fireboxes of different sizes that have lifting mechanisms to open the firebox; the protective glass can be oval, prismatic or straight. The fireboxes are equipped with a slide damper, a mechanism for adjusting the combustion intensity. The downside is the high cost of fireboxes and portals.

Finish with beautiful tiles

Recently, these options have become less common for installation in private homes. Despite their attractiveness, they are inferior to traditional Russian stoves in many respects.

Cladding technology

Furnace cladding can be done in two ways: with glue or with metal profiles without glue. Before cladding, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive preparation.

How to prepare for cladding

Before tiling the stove, you must:

• Clean the stove from plaster. To facilitate the process, you can use a spray bottle. Once the surface is wet, removing the plaster with a spatula is not difficult.
• Remove remaining particles with a brush. To do this, re-wet the surface of the oven, then clean it. The seams are deepened. Cleaning is done with hand tools, or you can use a grinding machine.

Cleaning with a grinder Source rems-info.ru

Cleaning by hand and with a drill with attachments Source gidpokraske.ru
Important! If you plan to line a new stove, then after finishing the masonry you need to wait six months for the stove to settle!

• Prime the surface of the oven. This will ensure adhesion and additional protection. It is advisable to prime two layers. Before applying the second coat, you need to make sure that the first coat of primer is dry.

Wall priming Source vse-otoplenie.ru

• Level the surface using a 10 mm thick clay mortar. Differences in the wall are unacceptable. The clay mixture is applied to the surface with a spatula and leveled using the rule. The corners are secured with metal corners.
• Lay the reinforcing mesh, pressing it into the solution before it dries, then leave the walls to dry.
• After drying, apply final priming and leave the oven until completely dry.

With smooth walls, the mesh can be stretched without leveling. Source stroyfora.ru

Decorative finishing

Building materials make it possible to finish the stove in a variety of styles. In addition, they have a beneficial effect on the resistance of bricks, as well as mortars used in its laying, to various negative influences.

Truly Russian style: mud and tiles

In the old days, one material was traditionally used - mud (clay-based plaster). Then it was covered with ordinary whitewash. This finishing method is not durable, since during kindling, smoke settles on the surface, making the whitewash gray. Although it is necessary to highlight the beauty of the painting of such stoves, their attractiveness and truly Russian style. Nowadays, rarely anyone uses this method of decoration, as more and more people prefer practicality.

Stone finishing

The most common classic option is decor using ceramic elements made in the form of boxes. The main advantage of this material is its attractiveness, as well as practicality. Tiles are able to retain their original appearance for a long time. The main disadvantage is the high price

.

Peculiarities:

• the cladding is laid from bottom to top;
• a special gypsum composition is used for grouting joints;
• There are a variety of tile patterns available on the market. These can be either smooth tiles or embossed ones with different patterns.

Using tiles for decoration, it is possible to choose the desired color, pattern, relief so that it fits the overall style of the room. This is the best material for finishing Russian-style stoves.

The cladding is laid from bottom to top

Modern materials

The variety of materials makes it possible to decorate a Russian stove in any style. All this allows it to fit harmoniously into absolutely any interior. Among the most common it is worth highlighting:

• facing brick;
• ceramic tiles or porcelain stoneware;
• artificial stone of various types;
• natural wood can be used for decoration;
• a natural stone;
• plaster and paint.

These materials are very practical and reliable. To give them a new look, just wipe the surfaces with a damp cloth. However, they are not without drawbacks. Some, for example, like ceramic tiles or granite, cannot harmoniously fit into any style.

You can cook many delicious dishes in it

Plaster and paint

The plaster and paint looks very nice. This finishing method is for interiors in a minimalist style. In this case, the choice of color and texture is limited only by a flight of fancy and the general style of the room. Using paint and plaster, you can visually reduce the size of the stove or, conversely, increase it. Plaster and paint are often used to create Russian-style decor. It allows you to make various designs and patterns on its surface.

Requirements for facing materials

The facing tiles for the stove will be used in difficult temperature conditions, so the following requirements must be met:

• Naturalness . The tiles should not contain toxic substances; as a rule, when heated, they are released into the environment, which is unacceptable from an environmental point of view.
• Fire resistance . The material must work at temperatures up to 10000C.
• Good thermal conductivity . The material should not interfere with the heating of the room, but prolong it.
• Moisture resistance . With low water resistance of the tiles, the oven may become damp.
• Durability . The thickness of the sample is assumed to be at least 6-8 cm.
• Attractiveness . The appearance of the lined stove should match the interior, be attractive and elegant.

Attractiveness of cladding Source tulikivi72.ru

Return of traditions

It cannot be said that the Russian stove in the house is a museum exhibit that has unexpectedly returned from the past. In fact, it never disappeared; moreover, it is part of some Russian outbacks that are unfamiliar with main gas.

The massive return of the Russian wet nurse to homes spoiled by civilization is not a tribute to fashion. Most likely, what plays a role here is the desire of people to feel comfortable and cozy in the house, to fill it with the pleasant aroma of baking and to meet with the family in front of an open fire for a delicious dinner cooked in a real Russian oven. After all, not a single miracle of technology will give the sensations and emotions that people experience when they see a flame.

Will help you feel comfortable and cozy in your home

A Russian stove, finished with high-quality materials, does not look like an alien in the house. Today it has become more compact, practical and wear-resistant. A wood-burning stove, depending on its design features, is placed not only in the kitchen, but also in the living room and dining room. For the convenience of housewives, craftsmen integrate everything they need into them, right down to hoods.

A Russian stove without built-in hobs can easily take a central place in a library or bedroom. A lounger can easily replace even the most comfortable chair or even a sofa.

To choose the most suitable project for your home, you need to consider several options in detail. They differ in size, functionality, and of course cost.

Installing a Russian stove in a country house is a job only for professionals. Regardless of construction skills, the construction of such a structure requires not only skills, but also knowledge of its features and technologies.

Interesting design solution

"Alya-Rus" - a designer hit

This model has quite compact dimensions. It does not have additional equipment, such as a hob, a large sun lounger or the ability to observe the flame effect. This option is suitable for a small kitchen. Such a stove is decorated with decorative elements that are associated with Russia. It looks light and charming in a wooden house. Peculiarities :

• Despite the primary simplicity of the decor, such a stove should not be overloaded with accessories. A few decorations will be enough;
• it can be installed not only under the wall. Due to its compactness, it will look good in the center of the kitchen, if space allows.

This option is budget friendly. And if you want a Russian stove in your home, but your budget does not allow for luxury, you can choose this option.

Suitable for rustic style homes

Varieties of options

During the existence of the Russian stove, quite a lot of variants of its design appeared, which differ from each other in some design features. The first most obvious design element that immediately catches your eye is the type of bed - they come in different sizes or shapes:

• with transverse beds located behind the mouth with a pipe. This is a typical option, which provides two beds at once;
• with a longitudinal type of bed, when it is located behind the firebox. This makes the bed wider, and also provides additional storage space for various equipment.

Obvious differences may be different options for the inflow device:

• the classic inflow is located on one side;
• a firebox with a fireplace allows you to combine a stove with a fireplace, while the fireplace can be brought into another room.

Where to install a Russian stove?

Today it is difficult to surprise anyone with the presence of a fireplace or cast iron firebox. Almost all country houses are built taking into account these structures. But the Russian stove will cause not only surprise, but also admiration.

Interesting design option

The moment the question arises about installing it in a country house, nuances immediately arise that no one had thought about before.

It is better when the issue of installing a Russian stove is decided at the stage of planning a country house, since nuances arise that are better to be resolved immediately.

In the living room

The living room is the calling card of any home and a private home is no exception. In this room it will be a bright accent that attracts the eye. Therefore, there is no need to look for too modest design options. Its size must be selected depending on the area of ​​the room.

All pieces of furniture should be kept away from the structure.

In the interior of the living room

Depending on the interior and size of the room, stoves can be of different designs with or without a hob. The following stoves can be installed in the living room:

• If it is large in size and has a fairly bright design, for example, decorated with tiles, all other furniture in the living room should be in muted tones. You should not use bright decor or saturated colors. Then they will not distract attention from the main element in this room. The bed can be decorated with handmade blankets, beautiful and bright pillows. It is better to use dim light. They have additional shelves and a large bed. There is no hob or baking compartments - only one cooking compartment.
• The Russian stove in the interior should look more modest. For finishing you can use artificial stone, porcelain stoneware, tiles. The strict design of the stove is in harmony with expensive furniture. Such designs should not have a hob or baking compartments. But the presence of a large bed is mandatory.
• The main part of the stove is in the kitchen, and the combustion part is moved into the living room. The firebox part can be framed in marble if the interior of the living room matches or it can be made similar to a fireplace. In addition to it, you can install special sets for the fireplace: firewood, broom, dustpan, poker. In the immediate vicinity of it, you can put a beautiful carpet on the floor or install a soft and cozy sofa. However, we must not forget about fire safety rules. If the firebox is open, you need to install a protective mesh or glass.

The strict design of the stove harmonizes with expensive furniture

Installation in the kitchen

The choice of a Russian stove for the kitchen depends on the size of the room. If it is large, you can install a large stove that will be multifunctional:

• baking compartment;
• multi-plate hob;
• compartment for dishes;
• large bed for several people.

If you are choosing a design for a wooden house, it is better to give preference to the truly Russian style. The decor can be made in several ways: using building materials (plaster and paint) or traditional mud . Such designs will look harmonious and fill the kitchen with coziness and comfort.

The kitchen is the ideal place for this product

Features and nuances:

• Do not install household appliances in close proximity to the stove. This may result in a fire.
• The dining area should be located at a distance. Otherwise it will be very hot to be at the table.
• The kitchen should be light and spacious. Therefore, if its dimensions are insufficient, it is better to abandon the idea of ​​construction.
• The Russian stove in the kitchen should not be overloaded with unnecessary decorative elements. She herself will act as a bright accent.
• If this room is spacious enough, you can use bright decor on the stove. These can be decorations in the Russian style or tiles with beautiful designs.

Applying plaster

Here, any heat-resistant composition is used for basic plastering of walls. The solution is thrown onto the mesh and leveled with spatulas, moving from bottom to top.

There is no need to make layers thicker than a centimeter to avoid cracks. Then you can heat the stove and make sure that this will not further destroy the materials laid under the finishing.

Conclusion

A Russian stove in a country house is an opportunity to fill it with warmth and comfort. However, before its construction, everything needs to be carefully planned, especially if the construction will be carried out in a residential building.

Brings not only color, but also many possibilities

Pitfalls that you may encounter during construction:

• This design will look harmonious only in rooms with a large area. Otherwise, there is a chance to turn the kitchen or living room into a room of aesthetic shame.
• You should not flatter yourself with the hope that you can build such a structure yourself without construction skills. Here are a few examples of how one wrong step can ruin the entire creation. The chimney must be at a certain distance from the ridge, and depending on this, have a certain length. Otherwise, all the smoke and fumes will end up not in the chimney, but in your room. The foundation must be calculated to the smallest detail, otherwise you risk the integrity of your floor.
• In view of this, construction should be trusted only to professionals. You can only choose the design of the stove and the availability of certain functionality.

Looks harmonious in rooms with a large area

A Russian stove in the house brings not only flavor, but also many possibilities, but only if it is built by professionals. Advantages of a Russian stove in the house:

• Food cooked in the furnace cannot be compared in taste to any other. No restaurant in Russia will prepare such delicious pastries or other dishes for you.
• If the stove is built correctly, it can heat not only the first floor of your house, but also the second and third. But only along the chimney pipe. However, the first floor, even in severe frost, will be warm.
• A Russian stove will heat a room much faster than fireplaces, gas heating or any other.

If you are thinking about installing a stove in your home, plan everything carefully and think it over. Only the right approach to the construction of a Russian stove will give the expected result. The work should be entrusted to professionals who have experience in construction and know everything about the construction and installation features of such structures.

Construction of a brick kiln requires the correct choice of material and mortar for masonry. If it will be covered, you need to choose the right facing material and mortar that will hold the stone or mosaic.

Required Tools

You need few tools; they can be easily purchased at any hardware store:

• trowel, or as it is also called, trowel;
• convenient hammer-pick;
• building level;
• roulette;
• plumb line

In addition, during the work you will need:

2 buckets (for water and solution), a construction sieve, a trough where to sift the sand.