What types of door hinges are there for interior doors?

High-quality door hinges should fit organically into the design of the room and at the same time have decent performance characteristics. With the current variety of canopies, it can be difficult for a simple home craftsman to make a choice. Let's look at the main types of door hinges together and try to understand for which designs certain models are better suited.

Each door hinge has its own purpose and was developed for a specific type of structure

Hinges depending on installation location

The first division is based on the type of alignment for which they were created:

Input structures. Since such fabrics are more massive, more durable, they require powerful and reliable materials made of durable materials that are resistant to cold, heat, moisture and fumes.
Room designs. The fittings for doors inside the house are less powerful, but more varied in their internal structure. After all, the main function of a canopy for an interior passage is to ensure the movement of the door and keep it in the jamb.

Installation of hinges on interior doors: without insertion

Some home craftsmen find it difficult to insert door hinges into the door leaf and frame. Therefore, you need to know how else the installation of hinges can be carried out. To install canopies without insertion, you should use overhead products and butterflies.

For installation you will need the following tools:

drill;
screwdriver;
awl;
self-tapping screws;
roulette;
pencil.

First, select the mounting locations for the canopies and make markings. To do this, measure 20-25 cm from the top and bottom edges of the door leaf. These will be the starting points for each hinge. To reduce pressure on the upper loop, the lower one should be attached a little further from the edge. The following algorithm follows:

The plate is applied to the end of the door, holes are marked with an awl and they are carefully drilled.
Place the door and mark the location of the holes on the frame. Unscrew the hinges and accurately determine the points for drilling. Drill holes.
The door leaf is applied to the opening and two plates are fixed with self-tapping screws.
Check the movement of the door. Eliminate shortcomings.

In this way you can install interior doors.

Detachable and universal hinges

Having decided which door you will need awnings for, take a look at the following grouping - by internal structure.

Detachable hinge

Their peculiarity: to remove the fabric from the hinges, you do not need to unscrew it. Such models are also popularly known as “mom and dad”. The base of the lower loop (finger) fits into a special hole (fist) of the upper one. Therefore, to remove the door, you just need to open it and lift it.

Universal loop

Universal canopies are, accordingly, one-piece. If you have to remove the canvas, you need to start by unscrewing them. There is a big disadvantage to this: it is not always possible to install the fittings correctly in their original place. Screws screwed twice into the same place begin to “sway”, and the canvas itself begins to “walk” when opening and closing. This drawback is half offset by the feature for which such canopies are called universal.

universal loop

Choice

Review of different companies

The most popular brands:

Palladium company produces high-precision fittings that ensure high-quality closing and opening of doors. Typically, palladium products are made from brass, but when using steel, a durable two-layer varnish coating of different colors is created.

Palladium hinges

Apex hinges are installed in interior doors. The kit includes two products and screws for fastening them.

The designs are universal and easy to install. Made of steel with high-quality protective coating.

APECS

Euro loops.

Euro products

Design feature: elements are made of stainless steel, which significantly increases their service life

Doctor Khan.

Door hinge Dr. Hahn

Manufactured by Dr. Hahn white door hinges, one of the samples of which is shown in the photo, have the following features:

attractive appearance;
Six-way adjustment without loosening the mounting screws;
smooth adjustment in vertical and horizontal directions with the door closed;
door hinges 150 mm long can withstand loads of up to 140 kilograms;
no maintenance required;
universal products can be used for fireproof doors with the O sign;
a hinge made of extruded aluminum with a screw fastening can withstand heavy loads from compression and tension;
if necessary, stainless steel door products are supplied;
models are equipped with plastic bushings, which improves sliding;
The cover plate with a clamping function allows for quick installation.

Combined.

Combined hinge

The peculiarity of the designs is the high quality of the material and manufacturing process.

Tip: When purchasing one-way elements, you should consider the type of doors for their fastening.

Criterias of choice

There are other criteria when choosing door hinges.

These include:

Material for making:

brass, such products are the most popular.

Brass hinge

This is a plastic, durable material that can withstand very heavy door leaves. Products are often plated with chrome;

steel.

Steel product

These are strong, reliable and durable hinges, but also the most expensive. They do not deform and serve for a long time. It is more expedient to use them for installation on heavy entrance models;

zinc, aluminum or steel alloys.

Zinc alloy hinge

To sell door hinges at a higher price and to give them a more attractive appearance, they are coated with brass on top.

The products are resistant to corrosion and have good glide. To create a designer effect, parts are often coated with various varnishes and paints that perfectly imitate gold, silver, chrome, copper and other natural materials;

The material from which the most expensive door hinges are made is stainless steel. Such products surpass all others with their strength, hardness and elegance.

Tip: To attach lighter panels, you should purchase a more economical option made from brass or brass-plated materials.

Device type. For example:

Screw-type hinges cannot be used for entrance doors. Most often they are used for interior models; one-piece hinges - absolutely universal, suitable for all types of doors;
detachable hinges are the best option for doors that will need to be removed periodically.

The side the door will open towards. Left or right loops are selected.
Installation features. There must be a gap of at least 1.5 millimeters between the door leaf, on the side where the hinges are installed, and the frame. This will ensure that if the dimensions of the canvas change, due to humidity in the room or too dry air, the structure will not jam.
Number of door hinges. For a door up to two meters high, it is enough to install two strong hinges. For a massive entrance door up to 2.5 meters high, three hinges will be required. Massive, heavy models made of natural wood require the installation of more than three door hinges.

The simplicity, convenience and service life of entrance doors depends on the correct choice of products. All these recommendations are indicated by the certificate of conformity for door hinges, which is used by manufacturers in the manufacture of models.

Types of hinges by type of design

Perhaps the most numerous classification of canopies for door panels is by type of design. There are double-sided, overhead, hidden, mortise, screw-in, and corner varieties. Each one is worth examining in more detail.

Overhead and mortise door hinges

Although such canopies differ somewhat in appearance, state standards do not define the difference between them. This is card fittings that are immediately attached to the canvas and box - quickly and without long preparation. The differences are only in one point:

The invoices need only be attached with screws to the jamb and door frame.
For mortise structures, recesses are cut out in the decorative coating to “sink” the wing-plates of the fittings into them.

One of the popular models of overhead awnings is the “butterfly”. When the door returns to the closed state, the small "wing" is placed in a special cutout on the large "wing". As a result, the thickness of the fittings is equal to the thickness of one plate. This design eliminates the need to select decorative cladding for fittings. It is enough just to mark and secure.

butterfly loops (overhead)

Overhead awnings are the first, ancient models. They were forged from iron plates by blacksmiths - the result was a durable and “harsh” product.

Today, buyers of overhead models are attracted by the clear and simple installation of fittings, which even a beginner can do. It is necessary to set marks, drill holes in the right places, place the canvas in a strictly vertical position and securely fasten it with screws.

Mortise models look more harmonious and aesthetically pleasing than mortise ones, because they do not protrude above the surface of the jamb and door leaf, as they are embedded in the cladding. If the sash is closed, then only the rotary axes of such fittings will be visible. But installing such a structure requires time and carpentry skills - you will have to make a careful selection along the contour of the canopy plate on the canvas and door frame.

mortise hinges

Mortise and overhead structures are divided among themselves: detachable and universal types. Key differences here:

The universal overhead model has greater rigidity than the split model. With a small size and small area, it can withstand a decent weight. Therefore, experts advise buying overhead universal varieties for massive and heavy doors. This is also an excellent “prevention” of sash sagging.
Detachable overhead canopies left-handed and right-handed. Their name says they are universal.

Professionals highlight several advantages of invoice names:

Easy installation.
Relatively low price.
Long and impeccable service.

Speaking about the shortcomings, we highlight:

It is necessary to unscrew them in order to remove the shutter.
There is a big risk that over time the door leaf will become warped.
Such fittings can only be installed on a jamb, a canvas with a perfectly flat surface.
Best suited for light targets.

Among the advantages of mortise products:

Affordable price.
Relatively easy installation if you have basic carpentry skills.
Universal use - no division into left and right.

Screw-in (or screw-in) door hinges

To visualize this model, “draw” symmetrical barrels, where the “finger” of the bottom is inserted into the “fist” of the other.

Each of these “barrels” has two “branches” for mounting screws. Accordingly, one cylinder is attached to the frame, and the second to the jamb.

This is a kind of analogue of butterfly hinges - they are practically invisible to the observer, they are attached to the door structure without sampling or other preparation. An important advantage of screw-in ones is that they are universal. And one more feature, which will be an advantage for some and a disadvantage for others: the canvas on such “barrels” cannot be removed once installed.

screw-in hinge

If you are attracted by screw-in fittings, be sure to check that you have purchased a door design with a Euro rebate.

Masters highlight several advantages of “barrels”:

Universal use.
Installation is feasible even for a beginner.
Possibility of changing the position of the door leaf in two planes.
Certain models of screw-in canopies allow you to adjust the position of the canvas in height.

But don't forget about the disadvantages:

Such fittings are only suitable for doors with a quarter.
This model is not suitable for structures with fragile cladding.
Once you have installed the “barrels”, you can remove the door only by breaking out the entire structure.

Corner door hinges (corner card hinges)

The difference between this one and all those mentioned is that it does not have the usual “wing” plates. Instead, profile corners are adjacent to the axial part. This feature allows you to install corner hinges on structures with a rebate. An inset is made on the facing material for the corners.

Hidden (secret) door hinges

As the name promises, they are hidden as much as possible from the observer. If the door is closed, they are not visible at all. This advantage is ensured by the presence of at least three rotary axes. In their orientation, secret canopies are universal - both left and right. But, unlike the same overhead models, their installation is beyond the power of a beginner.

There are undoubted advantages to purchasing such accessories:

The loops cannot be cut off even with the most sophisticated burglar devices.
Guaranteed long-term quality use.
High rigidity and strength - suitable for cutting into heavy 100% natural wood panels.

hidden hinges
But even the most innovative model has its drawbacks:

The canvas will only swing open to a certain angle. Therefore, if you are planning to rearrange or purchase large-sized furniture and equipment, take this feature into account first.
If you accidentally open the door wider than the angle it was designed for, it will cause the entire door frame to warp.
In order to install the hinges, the craftsman mills grooves for them. Please note that such installation reduces the strength of the entire structure.
You agree to complex installation, repair and dismantling of the door structure - such work can only be done by professionals.
The highest price among loop headsets.
Such structures are very susceptible to shock and mechanical stress. If you slam the sash too much, it will cause the leaf to jam or the entire structure to become warped.

Double-sided door (bar) hinges

The second name is card bars. These are rather intricate designs, the main task of which is to ensure that the door opens a full 180° - both forward and backward. As a rule, in an ordinary apartment such a feature is not required - they are good for public, office, and entertainment spaces.

Similar designs of fittings are also known as pendulum spring, “metro” and “western”. It means a double-sided canopy, inside the “cards” of which the manufacturer installs powerful springs. It is due to them that the target ultimately returns to its original position on its own. This feature gives the door high throughput and does not create obstacles for passing people. This is why it is often installed at evacuation crossings.

bar hinges

“Metro” hinges are also required for office premises and shops - if a visitor forgets to slam the door, it will close itself. The room remains warm. Convenience fee - from 700 rubles for each canopy. It is important to choose them based on the width, weight and thickness of the canvas.

Popular are bar hinges with built-in bearings, whose task is to ensure silent and smooth movement of the entire structure.

Bearing hinges

Small, compact and convenient, which allow you to evenly distribute the weight of the entire door leaf. They are further divided into bearings:

Rolling - great for lightweight fabrics.
Slides - provide, in comparison with other models, imperceptible friction. Install on heavy surfaces.

Bearing fittings have the following undeniable advantages:

Very smooth, very easy movement of the sash.
Easy installation, replacement and repair.
Uniform distribution of the door weight between the fittings, which ensures the reliability and durability of the entire structure, prevents distortions.

Conclusion

To summarize, we can note that if your budget is limited and you don’t have a lot of tools, then take butterflies or screw-in hinges. Mortise door hinges are better suited for wooden panels. It is advisable to install hidden canopy models on iron and expensive wooden doors. The video in this article shows the nuances of selection and installation. If the information was useful, then there are social network buttons below, perhaps your like will help one of your friends decide.

The simplest hidden canopy for a heavy metal door.

Differences in hinges based on material of manufacture and coating

It is impossible not to mention the classification of hinge fittings according to the material used in their production. The choice on the market cannot be called rich:

Steel. Steel is the oldest material for this, which was also used to create medieval forged items. The metal withstands temperature fluctuations, exposure to water and its evaporation. Therefore, steel is ideal for outdoor buildings.
Alloys of steel with aluminum, zinc, copper. This type is coated in factories with a useful anti-corrosion and decorative coating - chrome, brass, “bronze” and “gold plated”.
Brass. The metal is valued because it is easily polished and retains its appearance. But in terms of wear resistance, strength and durability, brass is seriously inferior to steel.

Location of hinges on the interior door: 2 hinges

When choosing the location of the hinges on the interior door 2 hinges, you need to know the distance between the canopies. It all depends on the height of the door frame, the material of manufacture, and the weight of the leaf. As a rule, the hinges are attached with an indentation of 15 to 25 cm from the bottom and top. The distance from the edge should be the same. But, depending on the structural features of the door, it is sometimes made differently. Reputable companies give their recommendations on this matter. For example, the Swedish company ASSA recommends making an indentation for attaching two hinges 25 cm from the lower and upper edges of the sash to the center of the canopy.

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Versatility of mechanisms

Types of door hinges are divided into two classes: detachable and universal. In appearance, they consist of two plates and a rotating mechanism.

Thanks to their design, detachable types of canopies allow you to remove the door without unscrewing it. The entire system consists of two elements: a pin with a mounting plate and a barrel. These types can be overhead or mortise.

Installation is carried out as follows. The entire hinge is screwed onto the door end, but on the side where the barrel is located. After fitting, a plate with a pin is attached to the box.

Universal types refer to non-removable canopies. This type of hinge is perfect for the front door, as they will not allow you to simply remove it by lifting it.

They are mounted first on the end of the canvas, and then on the box.

But this device also hides the main disadvantage: if you suddenly need to remove the door for a while, this is only possible by unscrewing all the fastening screws.

Typology of door canopies

Different types of loops have their own characteristics by which they differ, which brings them into separate groups.

At the installation location.
Material of manufacture.
According to mechanical features.
System versatility
Methods of fastening.

Taking these features into account, you can choose the right types of awnings for your entrance or interior door. But in order to choose the right type of loops, you need to consider their characteristic features in detail.