Grilyato ceilings: diagram and device, installation, components, cost

Grilyato ceiling is a type of suspended cassette raster ceiling. Its essence, the “zest”, is the almost complete permeability of the inter-ceiling space for air flows, which eliminates the formation of a vapor-gas cushion there. In addition, raster and slatted suspended ceilings have good soundproofing properties: if the size of their cells is less than half the sound wavelength, the sound is reflected as if from a solid surface and, wandering between the base and false ceilings, fades away greatly. In some cases, this makes it possible to do without additional sound insulation, which can accumulate harmful fumes and vapors of flammable liquids.

Initially, a vapor-permeable suspended ceiling with soundproofing properties was used in industrial premises, when it was necessary to hide communications under the base ceiling, preventing fire hazards and deteriorating sanitary and hygienic conditions. Until now, the best grilyato ceilings are made by enterprises specialized in the production of fireproof building structures. Their widespread use was to some extent facilitated by the global economic slowdown: manufacturers realized that they could not survive without a tough fight for the consumer. The designers were given the task of “coloring” previously purely utilitarian products. A good designer always has a keen sense of material, and the efforts of aesthetic masters to impart decorative qualities to slatted and raster ceilings cannot be called fruitless, see fig. The name “grigliato”, it seems, is already on the conscience of marketers; it is associated with something tasty: grilled meat, grilled meat in chocolate. Moreover, with a little imagination, the ceiling paneling looks like both a grill grate and candy in a box.

Grilyato ceilings

How does grilyato work?

The structure of the grigliato ceiling is generally similar to Armstrong suspended ceilings, see next. Fig., we will need it more than once. A supporting frame of L-shaped edge profiles is mounted along the contour of the room at a certain height. Next, a load-bearing frame is assembled from longitudinal load-bearing, transverse support and intermediate connecting profiles, resulting in the formation of a lattice with cells of a standard size of 600x600 mm. But solid slabs are not laid in them, but so-called. Grilyato gratings are panels assembled in advance from thin-walled metal profiles, with cells 30x30, 40x40, 50x50, 75x75, 100x100, 150x150 or 200x200 mm. Along the crosshairs of the load frame profiles, it is suspended from the base ceiling using standard hangers; For more information about installing grilyato, see below.

Grilyato ceiling installation

Technologically, Grilyato and Armstrong ceilings differ primarily in the methods of trimming partial panels and lamps. Conventional raster illuminators are installed in the same way, in the empty openings left for them, pos. 1 on next Fig., as well as air duct sockets, air conditioner evaporators, speakers for sound systems for suspended ceilings, etc. But spotlights for Armstrong and suspended ceilings are not suitable in Grilyato, they will not stay there. In grilyato grilles, special spotlights are installed (in translation - the same spot illuminator), under which openings are cut in the assembled grilles, pos. 2.

Grilyato ceiling lamps

Note: in grilyato ceilings it is possible to install ceiling lights, which allows you to obtain attractive lighting effects and patterns, pos. 3 and 4. But in this case, ceiling-mounted light sources are attached only to the base ceiling - the grilyato design is not designed for additional loads of this kind.

What's wrong with this?

There are quite common misconceptions associated with grigliato ceilings.

The first thing that is especially important: they just do not create an additional fire hazard in the room. Grilyatos themselves are not fire resistant or fire resistant. Fire-resistant structures must withstand being in a fire source for a specified time without collapsing. Fire-resistant, in addition, after being in a flame, they must retain strength, physical and chemical resistance. Grilyato is made from aluminum, which loses strength at +140 and melts at +660 degrees Celsius.

The second thing that is stated in many sources, to put it mildly, not with a full understanding of the essence of the matter, is that the grigliato ceiling provides free access to communications. It is indeed possible to stick your hand with a tool into a hole 200x200 or 150x150 mm, but there is no need to talk about high-quality work on installing/repairing pipes or wiring, and it’s better not to mention TB.

Grilyato provides inspection of the ceiling space without disassembling the ceiling. A specialist from a stepladder or scaffold on wheels, illuminating himself with a flashlight, inspects up to 30-45 m of the route per hour through it. And if the ceiling were Armstrong, then for the same thing it would be necessary to attract a team of workers for half a day to dismantle and reinstall the covering. What this means for the cost of work in production conditions is clear. And the actual work in the ceiling space of the grilyato is carried out in the usual manner, after dismantling the panels in the serviced area.

Installation procedure

To make the task as easy as possible for you, we decided to talk in detail about how lattice ceilings are installed. Carry out the installation in strict accordance with the instructions - and the assembly will be completed efficiently.

Before starting work, pay attention to the following points:

The ceiling profile is quite thin, so processing must be carried out with extreme care. This applies to both assembly and cutting. To achieve perfectly straight lines, it is better to use a laser level. The ceiling is divided into squares, each side of which is equal to the length of the supporting guide. The corner is mounted at a distance of less than 1 meter, secured with self-tapping screws

If they do not fit into the wall, you can replace them with dowels.

Any repair always begins with preparation. Therefore, first of all, we remove the old finish and seal cracks, if necessary. Be sure to level the ceiling and perform whitewashing or painting. The communications that will be located behind the suspension system are also being prepared. Markings are applied around the perimeter of the room. To mark the level for mounting the grille, we recommend using a water level or laser level.

You will also need to acquire the following tools and materials: hammer drill and concrete drills, hammer, screwdriver. You will definitely need pliers and a tape measure, a hacksaw, and a marker. A set of hangers, plates and profiles is purchased separately at a hardware store.

When the preparatory work is completed, you can begin installation:

1. A profile with a length of 180 centimeters is connected to an intermediate length of 120 centimeters. They are installed at the desired height and fixed.
2. In the middle of the intermediate strip we mount a guide 60 cm long and connect it. As a result, you will get squares, each side of which is 60 centimeters long.
3. Gratings are mounted into the system assembled from profiles. Thanks to pruning, they are attached to each other quite tightly. A lamp is inserted into each crate and secured with hangers.

This type of ceiling structure, such as grigliato cellular ceiling, is widely used in office premises. It goes well with the interior and appropriate lighting. Undoubtedly, it can be used in industrial premises, and a private home is no exception. When the color and shape are chosen correctly, grilyato perfectly complements the interior, helping to hide imperfections and providing the correct perception of the room.

How much does grilyato cost?

From workshops and hangars, grigliato ceilings came primarily to large and high public spaces. Nevertheless, among private buildings and rooms there are those where grilyato is appropriate and even necessary, see at the end. How expensive is it?

The price for 1 m² of finished grigliato ceiling fluctuates within a very wide range, 10 times or more. Quite justified and with the same quality of work. For example, manufacturers and large wholesalers with their installation departments and transport promise turnkey grilyato ceilings for 250-280 and even 210-220 rubles/sq.m. m. But - we read the details of the conditions; sometimes it comes between the lines. A team of experienced installers assembles up to 200 sq. m grilyato per hour. If the grid cell is from 75x75 mm (i.e. 100x100 or more), and the ceiling equipment is standard, the openings are 600x600. And if you need to sew up a winding corridor of 10 squares, with corners protruding inwards, a niche and 3-4 spotlights? We don't. I really need it? Okay, let's do the math... what is the height of your existing ceiling? 2.7? So, a 40x40 cell... well, 22,000-23,000 in total or 2200-2300 per square. Why? And then it takes the guys 4 hours to get to the next facility, and then the end of the shift ends, and the day is wasted. And the labor costs for cutting the edge bars swell to 1/2-2/3 of the total.

Individual craftsmen offer installation of grigliato ceilings from the owner’s material for 500-750 rubles/m². Here, firstly, we open the price list or ask by phone: are the prices still valid for such and such premises? Are small openings for lamps included in the price? How many and which ones? And also – protruding corners, niches, outline of curves? As a result, installation costs twice as much for an average apartment, and after on-site measurements, as a rule, it does not become cheaper.

Buy a kit and assemble it yourself? The pitfall here is the dependence of price on cell size. With its decrease, the required amount of metal per unit area increases by the square, as well as production costs for metal processing. If the profile for a cell is 150x150 at 300 rubles/sq. m is relatively easy to find, then 75X75 is cheaper than 1300 rubles. per square is detected with great difficulty. This price for an average budget is already more or less acceptable if you really want grigliato, but how to assemble it? To do this, you need to get to know the grigliato ceilings in more detail.

Texture and color

As for colors, until recently there was not much variety. Manufacturers limited their range to the following basic color textures:

• White
• Beige
• Black
• Gold
• Silver aluminum
• Superchrome
• Matte metallic

But competition is the engine of progress, and therefore today you can see lattice vaults of all colors of the rainbow with the most unusual texture solutions. Thus, aluminum grilles with a wooden texture have become widespread. Visually distinguishing such a vault from a natural one can be quite difficult. It is this fact that causes a huge number of requests to find wooden Grilyato.

Bearing structures

Now we need rice again. with a diagram of the ceiling arrangement (duplicated on the right). The structure of the grigliato ceiling can be all-prefabricated (the main part of the figure) or cantilever. In the first, the power profiles are cut and the grilyato gratings are inserted into them “with a latch.” All-prefabricated grilyato is stronger, and this is its main advantage, it creates the appearance of a uniformly textured surface, because The width of the power and lattice profiles is the same. It is more expensive, installation and access to the ceiling space is difficult: installation/removal of grilyato gratings in a prefabricated ceiling requires some effort and skill. The thickness of aluminum lattice profiles is 0.32-0.4 mm; When pushing/pushing the grill, without experience it can be damaged.

In cantilever grilyato ceilings, load-bearing profiles with a cross-section in the form of an inverted T are used, inset A in Fig. The gratings are simply laid into the frame cells, just like Armstrong slabs. Cantilever grilyatos are cheaper than all-prefabricated grilyatos. by 12-15% and allow, if necessary, to do something behind the ceiling without the risk of damaging its panels. But the T shelves will be visible as dividers for the main 600x600 cells, as in Armstrong. By design this is not always acceptable.

Features of a lattice ceiling

• fire safety
• maintaining room volume for air circulation
• moisture resistance
• environmental Safety
• durability
• ease of installation
• embodiment of design ideas

The fire safety of ceilings is confirmed by certificates of conformity. This is a document that indicates where and on what basis the fire safety class is assigned.

One clarification: painted metal ceiling elements always have a fire hazard class of KM1.

The volume of the room is maintained due to the design of the ceiling. This is logical and self-explanatory.

Metal ceilings are environmentally friendly for indoor use. The metal does not emit harmful substances into the air and does not accumulate them.

Designers can rejoice at the variety of lattice ceiling options offered by manufacturers. And all structural elements can be painted in the color desired for the project.

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Types of gratings

Aluminum profiles for grigliato ceilings are available painted (budget option), varnished with non-fading chemical-resistant varnish, anodized or textured to match other materials using photo printing. According to the design of the insert gratings, grigliato ceilings are divided into:

• Standard - the easiest to use and cheapest, performance qualities are average.
• Pyramid, or pyramidal - approx. 30% more expensive than standard ones, more difficult to install, but more functional and aesthetically pleasing.
• Blinds – with elongated cells. Not cheaper than standard ones, because... thicker metal is required for the profiles. Mainly intended for functional use.
• Multi-level – there is a fair amount of confusion with these, see below.

Standard

Standard grilyato gratings are made from U-shaped profiles. More precisely, sections in the form of an inverted U, pos. 1 and 1a in Fig. To ensure that the base ceiling is not clearly visible through the grilyato standard grille, the side of its cell should be no more than 2-3% of the height of the base ceiling, with its value up to 3 m. The grilyato standard suppresses sounds only propagating from top to bottom, by 6-10 dB (in 2-3 times).

Types of grilyato gratings

Pyramid

The truncated pyramid in this case is only an imaginary filling of the grilyato cells, pos. 2. The very profile of the Y-shaped grille, pos. 2a. The visibility of the ceiling space is much lower (item 3b), so the side of the pyramidal grilyato cell can be 7-8% or more of the height of the base ceiling. Noise reduction from top to bottom by 14-18 dB (5-8 times), and from bottom to top by 8-12 dB (2.5-4 times). Installation requires skill and attention to avoid accidentally bending the Y shelves.

Note: the visibility and cost of a grigliato ceiling with unequal-sized rectangular cells made of a U-shaped profile (see figure on the right) is approximately the same as that of a pyramidal one, but its assembly does not require special qualifications.

Blinds

Grilyato blinds in large halls allow you to visually organize the space well and unobtrusively. For example, at pos. 3a direct along the path to the door, especially since there is nowhere to hang signs there. Behind technically functional grigliato blinds (item 3b), you can, for example, hide wide air ducts that provide powerful flow at low pressure. At a table in a cafe with such supply and exhaust ventilation, a non-smoker can calmly talk with a heavy smoker. Finally, the functionality of grillato blinds is possible aesthetically and decoratively, for example. to simulate a wooden slatted ceiling. Grilyato “under the lath” will hardly cost less than oak, but the ceiling will be non-flammable and will not rot.

Multi-level

We will need rice again. with a grigliato ceiling diagram. Do you see the notches at the top of the “dad” profiles? Additional load-bearing elements can be inserted into them and the following sections can be assembled with an upward shift. But this technology is used quite rarely: to form a ledge of a clearly visible height, a lot of material and labor are needed. The assembly of multi-level grigliato ceilings is often carried out using a combined technology:

1. A frame for a plasterboard multi-level ceiling is assembled using the basic technology for it, from C- and U-galvanized profiles;
2. Vertical surfaces – sidewalls – are sheathed with gypsum boards;
3. Grilyato supporting frames are mounted in horizontal openings;
4. Grilles and ceiling equipment are installed in the openings of the supporting frames.

Note: generally speaking, in technical jargon (officially adopted in many countries), a “male” is a part with a pin or protrusion that fits into a mating hole, hole, groove or recess of the part – “female”. And here both parts seem to be “mother”, only the upper “mother” is double-sided.

Another confusion

The word “grigliato” can be considered a masterpiece of advertising, it sounds so good, is remembered and associated. It is not surprising that false ceilings are offered to order under the same name; they are not bad at all, but structurally, technologically and in terms of operational properties they are not related to the grilyato ceiling. For example, at pos. 1 pic. – suspended ceiling with supporting decorative lattice. It will not allow the panel to sag, but there is only a superficial resemblance to grilyato. Or, say, a frameless suspended slatted ceiling made of bent metal profiles, pos. 2. The only thing it has in common with the grilyato ceiling is that both are aluminum. A multi-level plasterboard ceiling with tension inserts, pos. 3, simply shamelessly exploits a common meme.

Samples of non-grigliato suspended ceilings, offered as grigliato

Technical description

• Made of aluminum with a thickness of 0.3–0.5 mm. • It is a volumetric lattice formed by U-shaped profiles 10 mm wide and 40 mm high. • The grid consists of cells of the following sizes: 40×40, 50×50, 60×60, 75×75, 86×86, 100×100, 120×120, 150×150, 200×200 mm. • The perimeter of the grille is framed with an L-profile. • The assembled grille is mounted in the T-24 suspension system. • Ceiling weight varies from 2 to 6 kg/m2 depending on the thickness of the metal, cell size and profile height.

Do-it-yourself Grilyato

Self-assembly of the grigliato ceiling does not present insurmountable difficulties, see, for example. popular video below.

Video: installing a grigliato ceiling 60*60 cm

You just need to remember that Grilyato is not Armstrong, which tolerates rather gross violations of technology, for example. replacement, in order to reduce the height of the inter-ceiling space, of standard suspensions with wire loops. Grilyato gratings are heavier than Armstrong slabs and more fragile, so you need to fully attach the frame to the base ceiling. Another important point is that you only need to cut the grille elements with a profile cutter; There is no way to hide the clumsily shredded ends. In general, the instructions for installing a grilyato ceiling with your own hands look like this, here we will need rice again. with the diagram (duplicated again on the right):

• Calculate the ceiling, see below
• Prepare the base ceiling: clean it, impregnate it with a deep penetration primer, paint it in the color of the selected profile or dark if the room is low.
• Make marks in the corners of the room to install the edging, beat off the sections between them with a cord and check the horizontality of the lines with a level. If necessary, adjust, focusing on the lowest angle. The minimum height of the interceiling space is 200 mm.
• Install the edging profile. Fasteners - self-tapping screws from 4.2x60 in increments of 300-600 mm, depending on the wall material. For wood and concrete, the step may be larger; for weak materials, less is needed. Fasteners in stone walls are placed in plastic dowels.
• Grilyato ceiling installation

  Place load-bearing profiles (pos. 1) along the long walls of the room, connect them parallel to the short wall with supporting profiles (pos. 2) and place intermediate ones, pos. 3.

• During assembly, according to the specifications for this kit (by default - after 2-3 spans of 60 cm), hangers are mounted, pos. 4. Each suspension is attached to the base ceiling with a 6x80 self-tapping screw in propylene lubricant. Immediately, for now approximately, the frame is placed into the horizon with hangers.
• Finally, the frame is set horizontally and the 600x600 openings for the equipment are supported with at least 2 hangers for each in the corners located diagonally.
• If there are communications in the inter-ceiling space that are less than 5 cm upward from the frame, assemble grilyato gratings underneath them in place, at the top, feeding the elements obliquely. Small openings for lamps, etc. are not allowed here.
• Incomplete gratings are assembled one at a time, adjusted to the location and also placed separately.
• Also, complete grilles with small openings are assembled and installed one by one.
• The remaining complete gratings are assembled and put into place, pos. 5 and 6.

Description

The “Pyramidal” grilyato ceiling is a volumetric lattice formed by “male” and “male” profiles with a width of 10 mm, a height of 30 mm, or 40 mm, mounted on supporting guides with a width of 10 mm, a height of 30 mm, or 40 mm.
Thus, the Y-shaped profiles “mother” and “father” form a pyramid-shaped cell that goes into perspective, giving relief, delicacy, texture to the ceiling space and creating additional volume.

Delivery set of pyramidal grilyato:

• female profile (10 mm wide, 30 mm or 40 mm high, 600 mm long)
• male profile (10 mm wide, 30 mm or 40 mm high, 600 mm long)
• guide 2400 (width 10 mm, height 30 mm or 40 mm, length 2400 mm)
• guide 1200 (width 10 mm, height 30 mm or 40 mm, length 1200 mm)
• guide 600 (width 10 mm, height 30 mm or 40 mm, length 600 mm)

Grilyato PYRAMIDAL ceiling is a ceiling made of Y-shaped profiles, which give the ceiling space an unusual design with a visual volumetric effect.

THE UNIQUE TEXTURE OF THE GRILIATO PYRAMIDAL CEILING CREATES A UNIQUE EFFECT OF PERSPECTIVE AND DEPTH OF THE CEILING SPACE

How many will there be?

Before installation, and even before purchasing, the grilyato ceiling must be accurately calculated in order to avoid excessive consumption of expensive material and labor, because rooms with sides exactly multiples of 60 cm are rare. At this stage, the most important thing is to correctly distribute the gratings for trimming, so the calculation of the grilyato ceiling begins with developing a layout of solid and trimmed gratings. The nomenclature and number of mounting load-bearing profiles are determined by the design of the selected ceiling and the cutting pattern.

Let's look at the example of a 4x5 m room and a ceiling with a cell of 100x100 mm. If the ceiling is all-prefabricated, then you need to cut the gratings as shown on the left in Fig. Sections of 10 and 20 cm are laid at 60 cm an integer number of times, and material waste will be minimal. And in the axial row of the grilles, both raster and spotlights will fit without any problems.

Layout of edged gratings in grigliato ceilings

But if you take a cheaper cantilever ceiling, then this scheme will no longer work. Firstly, due to the peculiarities of human vision, the cells of the narrow border, separated by the T-profile dividing strip from the main field, will appear larger than the others, and the ceiling will lose the appearance of a single surface. Secondly, it will be difficult, if not impossible, to assemble gratings that are not secured at the edges in narrow openings without defects (and they are very clearly visible on grigliato ceilings). Therefore, in this case, the ceiling will have to be cut as on the right in Fig. But then ok. 20% of the material will go to waste, because... leftovers of 10 and 20 cm cannot be used anywhere here. And problems arise with the lamps: a power T-profile now runs along the axis of the room, which cannot be halved.

Note: in other cases, so that the development of a cutting scheme does not turn into an endlessly painful procedure, you need to be guided by the rule: the narrowest of the edged slabs should be placed along the wall closest in multiple to 60 cm.

About the columns

Framing the columns with a grigliato ceiling

Another, not so common in ordinary living rooms, but harmful problem is the lining of the ceiling with round columns. Due to the peculiarities of visual perception on the border between round and angular, the cut edges of the gratings will simply catch the eye, pos. 1 in Fig. on right. This effect can be reduced by leaving a gap of at least one side of the grid cell between the column and the suspended raster/slat ceiling. To prevent the base ceiling from being ironed in this place, it is better to use special edgings for columns with a conical or hemispherical socket, pos. 2.

Calculation of the required amount of materials

In order to calculate the required materials, you must first decide on the surface pattern. On the websites of Grilyato ceiling manufacturers there are calculators designed to calculate the complete set of structures of the required type and size.

Attention! It is difficult to independently calculate the number and type of necessary elements; it is a long and labor-intensive process that does not exclude errors.

The profile calculator will successfully cope with this task. It is enough to enter the room parameters and indicate the type of system.