Types of lining
Thin planed boards for surface cladding are made from various materials. The most popular and durable is deciduous and coniferous wood. Plastic and MDF are also used. There are two main types of lining on the market - classic and euro. They can be distinguished by visual inspection. Depending on the required profile shape, thickness, structure, you can select a tongue and groove board from numerous subtypes. The most popular varieties are:
- "Calm". A brushed board does not have a chamfer near the tenon. When installed between the profiles, the connecting seams are invisible. The boards are thick and create an imitation of timber. Can be used for cladding facades;
- Classic. The face of a flat board has an additional round or angular chamfer. Thanks to this feature, clearly visible seams are formed during cladding;
- Block house. The front part is completely rounded. After assembly, it seems as if the walls were assembled from rounded logs. Used in saunas and baths;
- Lound House. The surface is smooth with a complex pattern. The effect is achieved through additional processing (hot stamping, milling);
- American. Simulates siding panels. The cone-shaped lamella has a chamfer at the tenon. Used for interior decoration;
- Double-sided. Has two working sides. Due to its small thickness, it is recommended to use only for indoor partitions. There are no compensation channels;
According to the processing method, wooden lining is divided into grades - “extra”, “A”, “B”, “C”. You can distinguish them visually. The slightest knots and cracks are unacceptable on the front side of the premium class board. Class “A” accepts wood without rot, blue stains, or resin pockets. Light healthy knots are possible. In grade "B" resin pockets are allowed. The cheapest grade “C” allows for blueness and wane on the back.
Variety of varnishes
Thoughts about how to paint the lining inside a house often lead to confusion. The fact is that construction stores are ready to present the buyer not only with a wide selection of decorative coatings, but also with a whole arsenal of specialized varnishes. Let's study this product to find out what characteristics it has.
The following products are suitable for wood: acrylic water-based varnishes, polyurethane, alkyd, acrylic-polyurethane and water-based varnishes.
Acrylic water-based varnishes are often used for indoor work; their structure can be either matte or glossy.
- Polyurethane varnishes – protect wood from exposure to ultraviolet radiation and yellowing.
- Alkyd varnishes are good for both interior and exterior decoration.
- Acrylic-polyurethane varnishes are less susceptible to fading and will be useful in sunny rooms.
- Water-based varnishes - suitable for interior work.
Advantages and disadvantages of painting lining
Painting the lining with enamel or colorless varnish can extend the life of the material. If the board is used for covering walls and work surfaces in a utility room, you can get by with regular impregnation. In a house or apartment, it is better to paint wood paneling with high-quality paint for practical and decorative purposes. After all, replacing a damaged top layer of wood is much more expensive than several cans of enamel. You can purchase a ready-made painted board or paint it yourself. Coating panels with your own hands has many advantages:
- Possibility of coloring elements in different colors, applying your own design, texture;
- Saving money. Treated lining is much more expensive;
- Possibility to choose the most incredible shade;
- Increasing resistance to negative external factors;
- Quick drying.
It is necessary to paint the lining before installation. During the normal drying process, there will be no light streaks at the joints that spoil the entire look.
There are practically no disadvantages to painting lining. The main negative point is the loss of the natural pattern and appearance of the wood. Some negative consequences can be avoided if you take into account the purpose of the room when choosing a paint and varnish material. Oil impregnation and drying oil are not suitable for baths and saunas. It is better to use solid mixtures with the addition of wax. It is not recommended to use flammable, toxic enamels for painting wooden boards in closed, unventilated areas. Painting lining floors should be carried out taking into account the abrasion of the material. To avoid having to repaint frequently, you should choose mixtures with high wear resistance.
general description
Textured paint is a thick, white or colored mass with various functional fillers. The purpose of fillers is to create a relief texture of the design.
The coloring mass is able to hold the relief until the layer hardens. The hardening time is short, but sufficient for application and possible corrections of the design or pattern. The thickness of the possible paint layer allows you to hide all surface defects.
When using textured paint to decorate lining, the operation of puttingtying the seams between the boards is eliminated. The average paint consumption per square meter of surface is one kilogram.
The material is expensive, so before painting it is advisable to accurately calculate the expected volume of work.
Advantages of textured paints for lining:
- The layers are resistant to cracking;
- They have dust-repellent properties;
- Do not absorb odors;
- They are resistant to the destructive effects of ultraviolet radiation;
- The harmless components of the paint allow it to be used in bedrooms and children's rooms.
Solutions used for coloring
There are many means for covering lining. These are compositions for internal and external cladding of premises. They differ in composition, speed and quality characteristics. For example, a wooden exterior façade is affected by ultraviolet rays, moisture, high and low temperatures, so the finishing coating should contain the predominant majority of protective components.
You can decorate the lining of the interior of the house with ordinary enamels and paints. Painted natural boards have an original appearance. Each mixture after painting gives a certain effect to standard lining. The choice of solution depends on the preferences of the owner of a country or city building.
Protective agents: properties and application technology
Proper and timely use of protective equipment allows natural lining not to lose its appearance and original structure for many years. Antiseptic agents can increase the moisture resistance and durability of the material. The solutions also prevent damage by insects, various microorganisms, and the formation of mold, which is detrimental not only to the lining, but also to the health of the dacha owners. Based on the basis of manufacture, antiseptics are divided into four main groups:
- Organic solvents. They penetrate deep into the material, destroy areas of rot and mold, and prevent the appearance of new ones. Actively combat biological pollution. They have a pungent odor. Can be used indoors and outdoors;
- Water-soluble products. Temporarily protect wood in contact with moisture. Used for preventive purposes;
- Oil antiseptics. It is recommended to treat lining that is in the open air in contact with the ground with moisture. Effectively protect material in difficult conditions;
- Combined mixtures. The solutions contain various substances. Inherent in each group. They cope well with mold, moisture, and high temperatures. Can be used for both internal and external processing.
To reduce the negative impact on the lining, various solutions are used. Bioprotective compounds successfully fight pests, mold, and mildew. Fire retardants provide fire protection and slow down the spread of fire. Complex protective agents – biopyrenes – are used as a base coating. To bleach wood, you can use chlorine-containing mixtures, hydrogen peroxide, and special industrial liquids. Lining made from low grades of wood must be treated with primer to fill the pores.
The lining is covered with protective agents before varnishing and decorative treatment. The application technology consists of impregnating each fragment separately and on both sides. Using a brush or roller, spread the antiseptic over the entire surface in a thin layer. It is necessary to reach all hidden areas (corners, recesses). Wooden boards should dry without touching each other.
Varnish compositions and their properties
To refresh the antiseptic-impregnated lining and refine the finish, the wood is varnished. The required composition of the solution is selected based on the type and purpose of the room.
Oil-based resin varnishes can have different shades - from transparent to dark chocolate. The coating hardens quickly, forming a dense film. The moisture-resistant surface is easy to clean and is completely ready for further painting. The main disadvantage is the high level of fire hazard.
Alkyd universal solutions have a high level of resistance to external negative factors. They are absorbed deep into the wood, so they take a long time to dry (up to 3 days). Alkyd-urea varnishes have almost identical characteristics. Before use, the solution must be mixed with an acid hardener. It has a strong shine after hardening. Disadvantage: high price, rapid ignition.
Alcohol polishes and varnishes are used in minimal quantities to coat individual elements of the lining. Apply a very thin layer of solution using a cotton swab or small brush. The dried coating noticeably shines and gains elasticity. Some types of alcohol mixtures do not tolerate sunlight, so they cannot be used on large areas of the lining.
The composition of nitrocellulose varnishes includes plasticizers, resins, and pigment. After application to wood, they form a dense protective and decorative coating. They do not cover lining intended for finishing facades. Nitrovarnish does not tolerate sunlight. High temperature.
Water-based polyurethane and acrylic solutions are applied to the lining in several layers due to the high volatility of the mixture. They have surface tension properties and do not crack or wear off. The varnish adheres tightly to the wood, protects it from chemicals and getting wet.
Paints in different compositions for coating wooden lining
A wide variety of decorative mixtures allows you to choose the most extraordinary solutions to implement bold design ideas. With the help of paint and varnish products, you can give the lining absolutely any color and texture. The following paints can be used for interior decoration of a country house:
- Acrylate. Resistant to precipitation, retains shine and color for a long time. The paint has good adhesion and wears out slowly;
- Oily. It is well absorbed into the lining, does not allow moisture to pass through, and allows the material to breathe. May fade over time;
- Water-based. Preserves the wood texture and gives a matte finish. The paint dries quickly and has no odor;
- Silicone. Withstands impressive mechanical loads. It has good vapor permeability and masks defects. Retains color for 30 years;
- Alkyd-based enamel. Suitable for decorating lining. During prolonged drying, it emits a pungent, unpleasant odor. Fades quickly in the sun;
- Wax. Traditional, natural material for processing lining. After painting, it retains the natural pattern of wood, gives a matte, glossy shine;
- Silicate. The composition includes liquid glass, which significantly improves the characteristics of the paint. She is not afraid of ultraviolet rays. A dye with increased fire resistance protects the lining from temperature changes.
Adviсe
To ensure that the lining lasts as long as possible, it is coated with special protective compounds.
It could be:
- Fire retardant. The composition is absorbed into the wood structure itself and increases its fire resistance.
- Bactericidal composition. Prevents the appearance of mold, mildew and similar formations. It also contains components that repel pests.
- Impregnation. Protects against fungi, pests, parasites. May change the color of the tree. The most popular example is stain.
- Linseed oil. The wood treated with it becomes insensitive to moisture and fungal attack, its structure becomes more clearly defined, and the material itself becomes matte.
- Drying oil. The once most popular wood treatment product is now losing its relevance. The reason is in the technical characteristics: after a fairly short time it darkens and becomes sticky.
- Bleach. Most often, such compositions are used to remove stains from the surface of wood. It is applied to a stain (or other defect), left for a certain time and washed off.
- Primer. Thanks to it, the decorative coating applied on top lasts longer and adheres better to the surface. In addition, it protects the wood from mechanical damage.
- Wax-based compositions. They are a fairly effective protective agent due to the dense layer formed on the surface of the material being processed. The tree becomes moisture-resistant and insensitive to mechanical influences. To ensure an even coating, it is better to prime the surface first.
In order for the coating to last long and provide the necessary protection, the wood must be properly prepared for application. The first step here is to clean up the contaminants. This procedure requires little - only water in which soda is diluted (150 grams per 5 liters). If the wood has already been painted, you will need to remove the paint using a special tool.
After cleaning, you can start sanding. Regular pumice or sandpaper works well for this. To make sanding more convenient, it is better to carefully go over each plank separately, rather than try to process the entire surface.
Next is the primer. After the “production waste” - fine wood dust, shavings - has been removed from the sanded lining, you can begin priming.
After this, it’s time for the decorative coating. You can paint the lining with a brush, roller or spray gun. In order for the painting to be done efficiently, without unpainted areas, it is better to use brushes of different thicknesses: a small one will handle small cracks and gaps, and a wide one will handle the main area. Again, it is better to paint in stages, moving from one board to another.
The spray gun will provide higher speed, but paint consumption will also increase. In addition, it will fall not only on the prepared surface, but also on nearby objects.
The lining coated with a decorative composition can be varnished. Then it will acquire a beautiful shine, its service life and resistance to damage will increase. The varnish coating is not afraid of moisture, so it can be used even in rooms such as the kitchen or bathroom.
How to calculate the required amount of paint
Any repair or construction must begin with an estimate and detailed instructions. Consumables, such as paint for lining, must be purchased in reserve. When making calculations, one should take into account the characteristics of the surface, tools, professionalism of the work performers, the number of layers and the texture of the mixture.
If the entire room is to be painted, then first of all it is necessary to determine its perimeter. We take away the area of doors, windows, openings and other untreated surfaces. The result obtained must be compared with the standard consumption of the selected type of paint. Manufacturers place this information on the product label. You need to understand that the quantity is indicated taking into account the work under ideal conditions, for one layer of painting.
Materials for interior painting
When selecting the necessary tool, it is necessary to take into account that before painting the surface must be treated with anti-rot compounds. With this in mind, you should stock up on the following materials:
- Coarse sandpaper to clean the surface from dirt and foreign matter. This is especially necessary for lower grade linings, the technical conditions for which require the presence of resin pockets - if they are not cleaned out, the painting will not be of high quality.
- Set of painting tools. In addition to the traditional flat brush, you also need a wool roller, a bucket, and a spray gun/spray gun. For tall rooms, a stepladder may also be required.
- Safety glasses and a gauze bandage - if it is impossible to work in a well-ventilated area.
- For priming and antiseptic treatment, it is better to have a separate set of painting supplies, since it is not known in advance how dissimilar coatings will interact with each other.
Lining painting technology
Factory-painted lining elements cost several times more than untreated boards. The services of hired workers will also not be cheap. To save money, you can carry out all stages of coating yourself. Fortunately, this is not difficult to do. Properly selected consumables and auxiliary materials will enliven the interior and fill the house with new colors.
The application of enamel should be carried out after antiseptic procedures, priming and varnishing. When working with any mixture, certain rules must be followed. Only in this case can you count on a positive result.
Required materials and tools
Even a beginner can paint lining well. It's better to work with new material. It is quite simple to prepare, process and dry. The task becomes more difficult if the boards have already been used and the toning needs to be updated. Only clean lining can be repainted. The method of removing varnished coating is the same for all types of wood. It is better to bleach pine and larch in warm and ventilated areas. Painting wooden panels is carried out using a minimal set of tools and materials. You need to prepare:
- Paint tray;
- Galvanized, plastic bucket;
- Brushes for applying paint of different sizes, roller, spray gun;
- A ladder that allows you to reach the ceiling;
- Solutions for painting (stain, varnish, enamel, primer);
- Tools for stripping, grinding, rubbing (sandpaper, leather flaps, sanding machine and others);
- Wide safety glasses, mask, gloves.
What is better to paint
To apply paint to the lining, you can use a brush, spray gun or roller. Choosing the right tool will make the process much easier. For a small area, you can use a wide brush. In this case, the paint should be moderately thick so that there are no noticeable marks from the strokes. This material can be used to add color to both individual boards and the assembled structure.
It is better to use a roller for covering eurolining and other types of boards with a smooth surface, with unpronounced seams. You can take a wide tool that grabs two boards at once. This will speed up the process and reduce paint consumption.
When using a household spray gun, you must prepare for high consumption of water emulsion. In order for the paint to be better absorbed into the wood, the solution should be made very liquid. With this technology, leaks and layers are inevitable. It is necessary to strictly maintain the distance between injections to avoid the formation of drops.
Drying and moisture level of the lining
Only high-quality, dry wood can be used for cladding. Wet lining will certainly spread and crack some time after installation. You can determine the degree of humidity at home using the traditional method. The weight of a dry board is significantly different from a wet one. A mechanical pencil will not leave a purple streak on dry paneling. The sound of dry wood will be louder.
You can resort to traditional methods if you have comparative wet material at hand. If there is nothing to compare with, you can use a mechanical method of verification. It is necessary to drill a hole in the wood to be tested. Hold the cutter in one position for 20 seconds. Visual analysis of the excavation will indicate the approximate moisture content. The hole began to smoke - the board was overdried, nothing happened - the humidity was normal, a fringe formed - the lumber was damp. The lining must be dried under a canopy in the open air for several months.
It is necessary to thoroughly dry the lining after each treatment (impregnation, priming, varnishing, painting). If these are separate boards, they should be placed in a ventilated area or taken outside in warm weather until completely dry. The hardening time for each solution used is individually calculated by the manufacturer. The drying time may increase if the paint is applied in several layers.
Preparatory stages
Proper preparation of the lining for painting makes it easier to work with the material in the future. New dried boards should be cleaned of dirt. If it is very dusty, you can use a damp cloth and baking soda. Then it is necessary to eliminate all defects. The wood is sanded with pumice or fine sandpaper. Small particles are removed and primer is applied.
If the lining has already been used, preparatory work includes mandatory cleaning of the old coating. Paint and old varnish are removed with solvents. Multilayer dried materials are removed with a metal brush, hairdryer, or construction spatula.
If in the future the old lining will be covered with transparent varnish, then it is better to use a mechanical cleaning method. Solvents and removers can whiten the surface unevenly.
Applying paint
It is easier to paint wooden lining before its installation. The solution should be applied in a thin layer, slowly moving from top to bottom. If a brush is chosen for work, it should have semi-stiff bristles. To avoid streaks, do not put a lot of paint on the brush.
The roller should have medium-length pile. After dipping it in paint and rolling it along the tray, the tool is pressed against the paneling with moderate force and rolled several times. There should be no voids or smudges on the surface. If the boards have already been assembled, their edges must be painted with a brush. Painting with a spray gun will be faster, but some of the paint will scatter onto nearby objects.
Chemical cleaning
The simplest and most reliable way to remove contaminants is to use liquid chemical compounds. They are evenly applied to the surface to be treated according to the instructions, and after a while they are washed off along with the dirt. Highly concentrated preparations contain alkaline components that promote rapid removal of soot from surfaces without damaging the wood structure.
To quickly clean walls and floors, you can use a mop with a telescopic handle.
No less effective in the fight against soot are chemical sponges impregnated with deep penetration substances. They contribute to the quick and safe removal of the smallest particles of soot and soot that have penetrated the wood structure.
The principle of working with sponges is quite simple: holding the sponge with one hand, clean the surface from top to bottom.
Finally, it is recommended to wash the cleaned surface with clean water and wipe dry with a soft cloth. This is done as follows: the floor is covered with film or oilcloth to protect the surface from further contamination.
Next, clean water is poured into the container, to which a detergent composition, for example, for washing dishes, or any other degreasing agent is added. The soot is washed off with smooth movements using a soft sponge.
Painting with brushing of lining
A non-standard solution will give the wood an aged, aristocratic look. You can create this effect using a drill with a special attachment – a brushed ball. When processing the surface, depressions are formed, which, when painted, appear as an unusual pattern. Its depth can be adjusted by passing the ball.
You can use dark or light oils to paint the board. Apply the coating using the “dry brush” method using a thick sponge and rub evenly over the surface. The first layer dries for 2 hours. Then light oil or paint is applied. After 15 minutes, remove with a rubber spatula, pressing it well to the surface. After drying, the wood will get an interesting aged effect.
Painting wood while maintaining texture
Painting the lining and maintaining the wood texture is very simple. For this purpose, varnish, pigmented oils and glazes are used. Work can be carried out on separate boards or already on a sheathed wall. Use a roller and several brushes of different sizes.
Texturing technology involves applying dispersion varnish with a brush to small fragments of material and then evenly distributing it. Use a roller for spreading. It is necessary to move strictly along natural furrows. After 10 minutes, remove excess mixture. The varnish remains in the grooves, making the design bright and shiny.
Variety of choices
Today, the building materials market is literally overflowing with woodworking products. To make the right choice and not get lost in the wide assortment, let’s try to study the proposed product.
So, coverings for cladding boards can be presented in two versions:
- Protective;
- Decorative.
To decide how to paint the lining inside the house, let’s look at them in more detail.
Protective. Coatings that are a primer or impregnation. They protect the tree from insects, fungal infections, rot and drying out. After application to the surface, the products quickly penetrate the structure of the wood and become unnoticeable.
Decorative. These include a wide range of products. The most popular of them are: oil paint, decorative glaze, acrylate paint, alkyd varnish, acrylic aqualac, stain, and opaque enamel.
All of the above products are different in their price category, terms of use, environmental friendliness and structural features.
How to paint lining like bleached oak
You can achieve the effect of bleached oak and preserve the natural beauty of the tree using frost stain, white oak stain, transparent wax oil, polyurethane, or bleached acrylic pigment.
First of all, apply the tint in a thin layer. Then cover with oil. The thickness of application depends on the expected result. If you need a clearly defined pattern, remove the excess and wipe the surface with a rag. You can whiten wood using a primer. But it is worth considering that on some breeds it will turn yellow over time. For example, pine material can be whitened with regular gray wood paint.
What is painting work
Painting structural elements in a room with compositions to create a decorative protective film is called painting work. Materials for this type of work include:
- Construction paints and varnishes;
- Pigments and binders;
- Dryers, thinners and solvents;
- Primers, putties, mastics, lubricants;
- Plasticizers, thickeners, hardeners and other additives.
Aging effect
You can make the interior of a room attractive and original by artificially aging finishing materials. Natural lining without coating looks monotonous. You can add antique value to it in several ways:
- Brushing. Suitable for pine or oak. The top layer of the rock is removed with a coarse brush, sanded and covered with stain of any color, for example, wenge;
- Pantination. Use two colors of paint, slightly different shades. The first enamel is applied in a thick layer and allowed to dry. Then paint a thin layer of lighter paint. After complete drying, rub the surface with sandpaper. The illusion of numerous repainting of the lining is created;
- Paraffin treatment. Wax is applied unevenly to individual areas. Then the pantining process is repeated. After drying, remove it with a spatula and treat the board with stain. The result is a worn effect.
A few final words
Vegetable oil will help remove paint from your hands. Just soak a piece of cloth in it and rub the dirty area. Keep it on without rinsing for five minutes. After the required period, you will need to wash your hands using regular washing powder.
If paint gets on the glass surface, a paste made from chalk and concentrated soda will help get rid of it. The composition is applied to the stained area and left for a while, after which the problem will be solved.
Ideas for painting lining in the interior of an apartment/house
In the interior of city apartments, painted lining is practically never found. Natural material will take root well on loggias and balconies. The style solutions of country houses, on the contrary, will be complemented by a natural zest when using wooden profiles.
The combination of lining of different thicknesses looks unusual. A wide profile is alternated with a thin one and painted. They are painted in one color, but in different intensities. Depressions and waves are formed from smooth profiles and block houses. The lighting areas are whitened, the remaining areas are simply coated with clear varnish.
The bleached lining on the ceiling, located between dark massive beams, looks original. In the bedroom, living room, nursery, you can create an exclusive wall covering, paint the wood in any bright color, or paint it with patterns.
Color solution
When thinking about the color scheme of the future interior and at the same time wondering how to paint the lining inside the house, you need to take into account all the details of the room. A mistake when choosing a color will disrupt the harmony and visually change the geometry of the space.
Expert advice:
- Light colors will help make the room wider: beige, white or sand.
- Dark shades narrow the room.
- Try to avoid contrast between the ceiling and walls.
- The cabinet design “loves” subdued tones.
- For the bedroom, choose natural wood colors.
