Materials for making furniture, types of wardrobes

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In every apartment or house you can see a closet, and sometimes more than one. It is impossible to imagine how things would be stored today if people had not come up with a convenient way for this in the 17th century. At first it was a small chest of drawers with several shelves, but over time you can see how radically its design has changed. Today it is quite roomy and neat furniture, which is simply impossible to live without in modern life.

Features and Benefits

The first wardrobe appeared in the 16th century. Such products were made from solid wood. The furniture was bulky, but strong, stable and durable. Today, wardrobes are made from different materials; things can be hung in them and put on shelves.

The classic version of a wardrobe is with hinged doors. More modern furniture - coupe. There are options with shutters in the form of blinds.

As a rule, wardrobes are placed in the bedroom. Sometimes they equip a separate room with them. The product stores not only clothes, but also accessories and seasonal items. Advantages of furniture:

1. Large selection of different designs. It can be a built-in wardrobe, modular, classic, cabinet.
2. Different options for facades: glass, mirror, bamboo or rattan, decorated with patterns, photo printing, and so on.
3. Capacity. The interior space of the cabinet can be used 100%. Even with very compact sizes, the furniture can accommodate a lot of things.

There are also disadvantages. When used intensively, installed on an uneven floor, or when using a low-quality profile, sliding wardrobes quickly fail. A spacious, deep model definitely needs lighting. Furniture must be regularly cleaned of dust and not overloaded with things.

What material to choose a cabinet from?

When choosing a cabinet made of chipboard, an important indicator of the quality of the material is the degree of formaldehyde emission (the content of harmful substances in the board). According to the degree of their content, chipboards are divided into classes:

1. E0 - lowest content
2. E1 - average content
3. E2 - high content

In the Russian Federation, the use of E2 class chipboard in household furniture according to GOST 6371-93 is not allowed

Important! Formaldehyde is volatile and its odor can be felt, so you should not purchase furniture products with a smell.

When choosing, inspect the edge

The edge not only gives an aesthetic appearance to the product, but also prevents the spread of formaldehyde. That is why all ends of the slab must be closed, regardless of the class of chipboard used.

Edge types:

1. PVC (PVC) - perfectly protects from moisture and is resistant to mechanical stress.
2. Melamine is more difficult to use. Conscientious manufacturers allow its use only on invisible ends of the product.

Edge thickness ranges from 0.4 to 2 mm, depending on the brand and manufacturer. The optimal option is a thickness of 1 mm; the edge of such an edge is not very noticeable and remains practical. It is not recommended to use smaller thicknesses at visible ends.

The appearance of PVC edges is of good quality. Smart choice.

Important! Regardless of where the cabinet will be located, all elements of the product must be covered with an edge on all sides of the slab.

The board can be covered with laminate, veneer, acrylic film or plastic, glossy or matte varnish. Laminate and veneer should not peel off from the slab. Evaluate the quality of their fit at the corners and make sure that there are no bubbles on the surface.

The slab covering must fit tightly to the base of any shape.

Varieties

There are many types of furniture, in particular wardrobes. The division into types occurs according to the type, size of products, material of manufacture and number of doors, design. You need to choose based on the available space and personal preferences.

Classic wardrobe

For a cabinet in a classic style, innovations are unacceptable - this furniture is conservative, without modern decor. It is made of wood, its imitation (for example, MDF). General characteristics:

1. There are several sections for clothes.
2. The facade is framed with a decorative frame.
3. The color range is from light to brown.
4. Natural wood texture.
5. The wardrobe can be with or without a mirror.

There are 3 options for the classic wardrobe. The toiletry case is small in size and fits well into small bedrooms. Internal content: shelves (usually there are 5 of them), drawers, compartment for hangers. At the top there may be a mezzanine for small accessories. Suitable for placing only necessary items (casual, weekend clothes, underwear, bedding). Can be installed in room niches, usually has 2 doors.

The combined version has 3–5 doors. The internal contents are as follows: a hanger bar, a mezzanine, maybe with drawers. Suitable for storing clothes and shoes. The facade is usually decorated with a large mirror.

Types of double-leaf wardrobes, their features

More modern options are cabinets with an end rod for hangers. The device is retractable, which saves space and increases the capacity of the product. The depth of the cabinet is greater than that of previous models, but the width is smaller. The product is narrow, suitable for small rooms.

Modular

Large modular systems are suitable for creating a separate dressing room. They have an undeniable advantage - they are very roomy. Can be installed near every wall of the room. The cabinets are assembled from separate modules that can be easily combined with each other. The set includes furniture islands with drawers and mirrors.

Modular cabinets are rarely equipped with standard shelves. Instead of them, metal meshes are installed. Also inside the systems are baskets, stands for shoes and hats, and rods.

Built-in

Built-in wardrobes fit well into dressing rooms. With their help, you can rationally plan your storage system. Such models are always installed near the walls - they serve as the walls of the product itself. Assembling such furniture can only be entrusted to professionals, since any defect will turn into a serious problem.

Placement options for built-in models:

1. In the corner of the room (the ceiling and walls serve as cabinet walls).
2. In a niche (the only furniture elements are the internal filling and doors).

The advantage of built-in products is that they can be installed in places where standard structures cannot be placed. Most often, such models are made to order.

Filling: blocks for shoes, rods, shelves, stands for hats, mezzanines, baskets, drawers. The customer himself can determine what exactly will be inside the cabinet; this is important when making individual furniture. But even in ready-made versions there is a large selection of fillings to suit any needs.

Hull

Cabinet cabinets can be placed in a spacious room where there is free space. Can be with shelves, rods, drawers. Some models are equipped with hinged doors, others have sliding doors, which are more modern and occupy a minimum of usable space. They are convenient because they can be moved to any place in the apartment. Such cabinets are traditionally popular, although many designers believe that it is much more convenient to use built-in systems.

Methods for filling sliding wardrobes of different designs

Since the design of the structures is different, the internal content will be different.

Straight

Straight models are found with two or three doors; accordingly, the dimensions of the product will differ: in the second option, a whole section appears.

With two doors

Two-door models are standard. They have mezzanines, sections with a crossbar or barbell and shelves. The width of the shelves is usually 45 cm. At the bottom there can be open shelves for large items, or drawers.

There are two doors, there are many options for internal filling PHOTO: spectrum74.ru

The width of such models reaches a maximum of 2 m.

With three doors

Three-door models can be 1.2-3 m. The internal space is divided into three zones, according to the doors.

There is a large compartment with a rod, several rows of shelves, as well as two side sections with shelves and drawers.

It is advisable to use one compartment for storing long clothes, and the other for shirts and trousers PHOTO: e-1.ru

More doors, more possibilities PHOTO: stavlib.org.ru

Angular

Corner models are great space savers, but they are also very roomy inside. In a diagonal design, the doors are located along the plane of the facade and externally this furniture looks like a triangle. Trapezoidal cabinets have one side wall adjacent to the wall, exceeding the free length. There are also L-shaped cabinets and five-wall models.

Inside the five-wall model PHOTO: stroychik.ru

With L-shaped models, one half of the corner is always difficult to access. There is usually a rod for storing outerwear during the off-season period of the year.

Other designs are convenient because they have free space immediately behind the doors. In essence, this is a mini-wardrobe in which you can fit floor hangers PHOTO: kuppe.ru

Radial

Radius models for non-standard apartments have rounded facades, which can be convex, concave or combined.

The capacity is sufficient, they can also be equipped with additional complex elements PHOTO: mebel-doma22.ru

Built-in

Built-in structures are the most popular, as they are attached to suitable surfaces, thereby reducing their cost. It is especially successful if the apartment already has a niche for them.

Manufacturing materials

Factory and designer cabinets are made from the following materials:

1. Tree. The most expensive furniture is made from this material. A wardrobe made of solid wood is strong, durable, environmentally friendly, and therefore enjoys well-deserved popularity. The most valuable types of wood used in production are oak and alder, but pine furniture is much cheaper.
2. MDF. High-quality material, cabinets from which are deservedly in demand. Essentially, these are layers of compressed sawdust that have undergone special processing. The surface of MDF cannot be distinguished from the texture of natural wood.
3. Metal. This material is usually used to make cabinets for medical clothing or models that are installed in swimming pools and fitness centers. Such products are easy to clean, they are durable and are not subject to almost any impact.
4. Chipboard. Furniture made from this material is cheaper than previous options. Although chipboard, like MDF, is made from sawdust, the processes are completely different, and the quality indicators of the first option are much worse than those of the second. Externally, the material may resemble natural wood. Furniture made from it lasts about 10 years and is resistant to moisture.
5. Plastic. The material is quite durable, moisture-resistant, not afraid of direct sunlight, and can be easily cleaned of any dirt. A good option for garden furniture. In factories, such cabinets are used for work clothes.

Design features of a clothes drying cabinet, purpose

Tree

MDF

Metal

laminated chipboard

Plastic

Modern furniture is decorated in different ways. Most popular:

1. Photo printing. Any design can be applied to the facades, for example, fairy-tale illustrations, art paintings, images of nature, people, animals.
2. Stained glass or colored self-adhesive film. The latter option can be used for decorating facades yourself at home.
3. Sandblasting drawings. They can be used to decorate glass and mirror facades.
4. Mosaic. Complex decoration option. The pattern is laid out from glass parts, all of them of different shapes and sizes.
5. Airbrush. A simple but original way to decorate facades.
6. Mirrors. Classic decor that can visually make a room many times larger.
7. Lakobel. This glass is frosted on one side and colored on the other.
8. Milling (on MDF). In this way, you can apply any design to the cabinet fronts. There are 3 types of method: deep, through, superficial.
9. Lakomat. This is clear glass, but with a matte finish.
10. Bamboo. Natural material, comes in different colors.

The cabinet facade can be painted with acrylic. The top of the design is varnished for a longer service life.

Photo printing

Stained glass

Sandblasting drawing

Airbrush

Mirror

Lakobel

Milling

Bamboo

Lakomat

How to make a closet (wardrobe) for things with your own hands at home

So, the family council has adopted the design decision, and you are ready to begin its implementation. Please keep in mind that the result meets your expectations; you have no right to make mistakes.

Advice! Take measurements several times, check everything thoroughly and only then start cutting. In furniture production, even inaccuracies of 1-2 mm can lead to the fact that the workpiece will have to be made again. And this is additional expenses.

How to do everything accurately and competently, read below.

Criteria for choosing a product design during manufacturing

Furniture factories have modern, high-quality raw materials in their arsenal. Various designs, textures, and prices allow us to satisfy the needs of the most demanding customers. At the same time, experts recommend that when choosing a material, you should be guided not only by its price and external characteristics, but by quality and reliability. In this case, the furniture will last a long time, and the costs are justified. Here is an overview of popular materials from which you can make a cabinet with your own hands.

Internal filling

The main components of the internal filling of wardrobes:

1. Shelves. The quantity depends on the size of the product. Can be located in any part of the furniture.
2. Boxes. Usually located at the bottom of the cabinet. The quantity varies depending on the model.
3. Barbells. Designed for hanging clothes on hangers. A four-door cabinet can have 3 or more rods.
4. Baskets, shoe stands, hooks for accessories.

Suitable internal filling is selected depending on the purpose of the cabinet. For example, if the furniture will be in the bedroom, there should be the following components:

• spacious shelves (for bedding);
• deep drawers (for linen);
• rods (for hanging clothes);
• small shelves or drawers (for accessories);
• compartments for household appliances (ironing board, iron, steamer).

If you need a closet for the hallway, it should contain:

• rods for outerwear;
• drawers, shelves (for accessories);
• retractable systems (for shoes).

A standard dressing room can accommodate different storage systems. You can place all your clothes in it, including outerwear; for this you will need rods. The closet is convenient for storing suitcases and accessories, such as jewelry and hats. This will require drawers and shelves. You can put holders or racks for shoes, install convenient systems for household items, and retractable structures for a wardrobe.

Types of corner wardrobes, advantages and disadvantages of furniture

Table. Sequence of cabinet parts assembly

Shape and dimensions

All wardrobes can be classified by shape. Straight (linear) models are made in the form of a rectangle; they can be without doors, with hinged or sliding doors. An example of such a model is a narrow column cabinet with a hanger bar.

There are corner options, comfortable and roomy. In such products you can store many things, from blankets to umbrellas, from blouses to shoes. The back of the furniture is made in the form of an angle, the front can be radius or rectangular. Sometimes such models are equipped with open shelves for decorative items or books. Another type is radius products. They do not have sharp corners, are smoothed, streamlined. They can be curved or concave.

Standard cabinet sizes:

1. With one leaf (narrow) - from 45 cm in width.
2. With two doors - from 85 cm.
3. With three doors - from 113 cm.

To choose the optimal dimensions of furniture, you need to decide on its purpose, as well as what will be stored in the product. For example, steam cabinets for clothing care can be of minimal size, up to 40 cm deep, up to 30 cm wide. If you plan to place things on hangers, you need products with a compartment height of at least 140 cm. Ideally, it will be all 190 cm. If you need a model that will occupy the entire wall, you should consider options with a width of 220 cm. When you need space to store folded clothes, you need to pay attention to products with narrow shelves (up to 32 cm in width). height).

The standard height of the cabinet is no less than 210 cm, no more than 240 cm.

How to choose a closet size

The size of the closet is closely related to its placement in the room. Often it occupies the entire width of the wall or is installed in a niche. The depth for all manufacturers will be approximately the same - about 60 centimeters. This is due to ease of use. Height varies from 2 meters 10 centimeters to 2 meters 40 centimeters. A mezzanine is often placed on low cabinets to increase storage space; in high cabinets this space is already rationally used. The standard width of a single-door cabinet is about half a meter, and a double-door cabinet is about a meter. When you need to choose a large wardrobe for your bedroom, you won’t be able to optimally fill the free space with meter-long and half-meter-long wardrobes. That's why good manufacturers offer modules in larger and smaller sizes, not just standard widths. And very good ones can also shorten a serial product by the required amount. In this case, choosing a cabinet by size will not be difficult.

Tips for selection and placement

When choosing furniture, you need to focus on the interior in which it will stand. For example, a white cabinet looks good in Provence style. For a classic design, massive models made of natural wood, decorated with textured patterns, are suitable. In modern interiors, products with glossy surfaces, bright colors, and metal and glass inserts look good.

You can put a linear wardrobe in the bedroom. This is the most common model. Modular systems are recommended for the dressing room. A plastic corner version is suitable for a nursery, and a built-in one made of MDF or wood is suitable for a hallway.

In addition, when purchasing a wardrobe, you need to pay attention to its functionality. It should be roomy, comfortable, and of high quality. Of course, you first need to decide on the dimensions of the structure, and for this you need to decide where the furniture will stand. If the room is small, then you should choose products with sliding doors or accordion-type doors.

Making a wardrobe

Let's look at how to make a cabinet yourself, using furniture with hinged doors as an example. It is believed that this type is quite simple to assemble compared to a coupe, because there is no need to assemble the doors and frame separately. The design has many variations, which gives room for imagination and allows you to choose the model that will meet all requirements. The closet can be filled with shelves, drawers, and a hanging bar. This model will be convenient both at home and in the country.

The dimensions of the hinged wardrobe are also individual, which allows it to fit into any apartment layout, including in Khrushchev. Let's look at the drawings and diagrams using the following dimensions as an example: 2200x600x1500 mm.

Furniture item details:

• Sheets for sidewalls: 2184x575 – 2 pcs.
• Bottom: 1468x575 – 1 pc.
• Cover: 1500x600 – 1 pc.
• Shelves: 976x575 – 2 pcs.
• Shelves: 476x575 – 5 pcs.
• Wall: 268x500 – 2 pcs.
• Facades: 2081x497 – 3 pcs.
• Drawer side: 100x1468 – 1 pc.
• Guides for drawers: 100x500 – 4 pcs.
• Int. boxes – 100x386 – 4 pcs.
• Bottom for drawers: 497x415 – 2 pcs. Fiberboard.
• Partition: 2068x575 – 1 pc.
• Wall: 2081x1497 – 1 pc. Fiberboard.
• Planks: 976x50 – 1 piece, 476x50 – 1.

In order to make your own cabinet, you will need: chipboard, fibreboard, edges, confirmations, screws, handles, legs, guides, rod.

The cabinet has large dimensions, so the load on the bottom increases. It is recommended to attach kitchen legs to the bottom, which have a number of significant advantages:

1. Good price.
2. Possibility of regulation. This point is of great importance because not everyone has perfect floors in their home. It is especially important when installing furniture in a country house, in a Khrushchev-era building. Thanks to the legs, you can always adjust the desired height and level the cabinet.
3. Load distribution.

When installing drawers, it is advisable to install mortise handles. If you plan to install regular ones, then the drawers need to be moved inside the furniture, otherwise they will interfere with the facade, the closet will have open doors. Therefore, in order not to have to redo the finished product, you should take care of choosing accessories in advance.