DIY balcony chest

The chest is one of the oldest human inventions. It is believed that the first chests appeared at the end of the Stone Age. They were used to store clothes, dishes, and household items. The material used to make chests varied depending on where people lived, their cultural traditions, lifestyle, available resources, wealth and position in society. Most often, chests were made from wooden planks, but wicker, metal, leather, fabric, felt, etc. were also used. Even the wardrobe we are used to is a descendant of a chest placed on its side. Now the chest is experiencing its rebirth. It is increasingly found in the collections of fashionable furniture designers and, with the right approach, fits perfectly into interior solutions of different styles and trends.

At the same time, it is not at all necessary to spend a lot of money on buying it; you can make it yourself from wood, with skillful hands and a basic set of tools. A hand-made and antique-style wooden chest is a unique item that will be an excellent decoration for your own home or a wonderful gift for people who value the originality and nobility of products made from natural wood.

How to make a box seat for a balcony with your own hands

Many owners of small apartments are faced with the issue of expanding the space of their homes.
Quite often, a balcony is the backup option that can solve the problem of missing square meters. A reasonably equipped and decorated balcony will not only be a wonderful place to relax, but can also solve the storage problem. This requires a little imagination and craftsmanship. An acceptable option would be a bench with storage space, which is easy to construct yourself. How to make a box for sitting on the balcony with your own hands? To carry out such creative and useful work, it is necessary to develop an action plan, select and prepare material, and collect the tools necessary for the work.

Material selection

To make a box with a seat for a balcony with your own hands, it is better to use:

lumber, 25-30 mm thick. To facilitate the process, it is advantageous to choose sanded edged boards or perform sanding in advance;
wooden beam, with a section of 40x40 mm, for better strength of the entire structure;
piano hinges that will be used to secure the lid to the seating box on the balcony;
leatherette fabric and foam rubber for upholstery.

In order to save money, you can use old furniture by disassembling and preparing the material needed for construction.

When starting the work process, you should remember that the classic version of a box with a bench consists of the main parts:

two walls (back and front);
two sidewalls;
box lid;
bottom for the box.

After determining the parameters of the spare parts, you need to make a drawing of the product design. It will serve as a guide for the further creative process.

Sequence of work execution

The first priority is to prepare the elements for the base of the structure.
To do this, you should cut four beams, which will subsequently be located from the inside at the corners of the frame. Prepare material for all types of walls in the same way. The main condition for this work is the accuracy of measurements and careful cutting.
Assembling the side walls. To do this, you need to attach boards with self-tapping screws to two horizontally located bars placed at the appropriate interval. The result is two folded side walls. The point is to make them even; for this we must not forget about the level of each board.
It is better to fasten the sides with outside help. The fastening must be done based on what the seat box will be used for in the future. The boards can be attached either end to end or at a distance. It is important that the gaps between the boards are the same. This will give the box a neat appearance.

A simple option for fastening the bottom would be to fasten two bars from the inside of the lower part of the structure, then cross boards are nailed to them.
The lid should be assembled separately by attaching two boards from the inside. For complete reliability, it is advisable to install a diagonal spacer between the crossbars, this will avoid distortions of the shield. This simplest version of a lid for a box can be thoroughly used as a seat on the balcony.

To complete the work of fastening the cover, a piano hinge is attached to the transverse side of the shield and connected to the main structure. For better functioning of the lid and precise fixation of the hinge, washers can be installed on the sides. For convenience, it is advisable to stick seals on the upper edges of the structure; they will soften the sound when closing the lid.
For long-term operation of the product, it is advisable to use metal corners at the junctions of elements.
It is advisable to install a footrest from the front side to the bottom of the box to prevent dust from getting under it, as well as to absorb additional load.
After the seat for the balcony is built, you can move on to decorating.

Product assembly stages

Preparatory work for creating a bench-chest with your own hands:

take measurements of the place where the bench will presumably be located in order to understand how much space you have;
decide on the size. For comfortable sitting, a product 60 cm in height and from 40 to 70 cm in width is suitable;
sketch out a sketch of the product, a schematic image will be enough, this will help to visualize the final result and facilitate further work.

cutting all necessary elements. We cut 4 bars for the frame (they will be in the inner corners of the chest) and a board for the entire product;
assembly of side walls. Two bars are placed on the surface, after which boards are screwed on top;
fastening the front and rear walls. Please note that the front board should hide the block and the end of the side board;
bottom fastening. Two bars are attached inside the lower part, and transverse boards are nailed to them;
installation of supports. The legs will allow the board not to absorb moisture;
assembling the lid of the chest. It is assembled using two boards from the inside. You can add a diagonal brace to strengthen the seat;
We attach the piano hinge to the end side of the lid.

At the end of the work, it would be wiser to cover the chest with stain to extend the life of your product. If desired, you can make upholstery or sew several pillows, decorate with painted patterns or burn out an ornament.

In a word, a chest bench can become a useful item in your home, providing a place for relaxation and storage. And by making this item with your own hands, you will also receive a unique designer item.

Although a handmade chest is considered a truly unique thing, it is rarely placed in a home decorated in a modern style. This design is convenient for storing various things that apartment owners do not often use. In addition, the product can act as a separate decorative element that complements the interior of the room.

Decoration

You can use any method to decorate the seat.

A less labor-intensive and affordable method is painting and varnishing. Thematic drawings or ornaments applied to the box will add individuality.

To decorate a seat on a balcony, it is better to use the soft upholstery method. To do this, you will need to cut leatherette and polyurethane foam fabric to the size of the lid of the supply box, and use a furniture stapler to secure it to the inside of the tire.

To decorate a seat on a balcony, you can also use a regular cladding board. It can be sheathed on all sides of the product, and the ends can be decorated using self-adhesive film to match the skin.

To simplify the work, the box can be decorated with pillows sewn for this purpose. It will be comfortable but practical.

Building a box seat with your own hands is not difficult, but the result of your labor will bring a lot of pleasure. Such an impromptu bench on the balcony will be able to constructively solve several issues, such as storing things and household items that cluttered the balcony structure, preserving preserved food and vegetables, and will also provide a cozy and comfortable place for rest and privacy.

Related article: Cost of replacing windows on a balcony

Marking the frame

For the frame structure of the chest-bed, we take a 5x5 beam. You need to choose it carefully - knots do not particularly harm the work, but there should be no noticeable chips or glues.

Frame

For the body you need 12 parts:

4 pieces equal to the length of the chest;
4 pieces equal to its width;
4 – equal to the height minus double the thickness of the timber.

Important! For a large chest, you will also need side spacers - one on each short side and 2 on each long side. Their length is equal to the height of the box minus twice the thickness of the beam, since they are placed between the upper and lower bases.

Lid

For the lid frame you will also need 12 parts. But there is also a half-frame option, if the height of this part is equal to single or double the thickness of the beam. In both situations, you can do without the side ribs. In the first case, only the frame is made, in the second, the frame is doubled, that is, 4 or 8 parts are needed, respectively.

Important! The double frame option may be too heavy.

A bench with a storage box for the balcony - convenient and functional!

Content:

A balcony is a rather limited space, which means you need to use every centimeter wisely. In recent years, there has been a tendency to renovate balconies and loggias into a recreation area, while cluttered shelves, old furniture and seasonal items are no longer stored “outside” the apartment.

But what to do if you want to have a modern renovation on your balcony and set up a lounge area, but there is absolutely nowhere to put some things or seams away? Multifunctional furniture will come to the rescue, namely benches with built-in drawers. This is an ideal solution for both a small balcony and a spacious loggia, and it is quite possible to make such a piece of furniture with your own hands.

Corner version of a bench with niches

What will you need?

To cut materials you will need a power tool or a simple hacksaw. It is more convenient to use a jigsaw, which allows you to make cuts quickly and accurately. In this case, it will be possible to round the edges or make shaped elements. It is also effective to use circular saws, and as an option, so-called parquet floors, which are very easy to use. But they can only cut straight.

To screw in the screws you will need a screwdriver. The main thing is to prepare the bits of a suitable configuration. To prevent the board from cracking, you need to drill holes with a drill with a diameter of 2 mm.

To sand untreated boards, it is more convenient to use a sanding machine. Absolutely any model is suitable for this purpose. If it is not possible to acquire a power tool, you can use a block with sandpaper. It will take more time, but the result will be no worse.

It is best to take measurements with a tape measure, and for accurate markings take a carpenter's square, a strong ruler and a pencil.

What tools and materials will be needed?

If you decide to assemble a bench with a drawer for the balcony with your own hands, check that you have all the necessary tools for this.

Indicative list of tools:

ruler, angle (metal);
building level, tape measure;
pencil;
sandpaper;
plane;
jigsaw;
drill;
sander;
fasteners, drills;
hammer;
paint brushes.

Depending on the complexity of the bench-box design, the list may be supplemented or, conversely, reduced.

Next, if the box is being made from scratch, you need to buy materials for its manufacture:

chipboard sheets of suitable thickness;
bars measuring 4x4 cm for the frame;
protective primer for wood;
varnish, paint, etc.;
fabric, leatherette, printed material - if you plan to make a soft seat.

The most convenient material for making furniture with your own hands is wood. Strong, durable, easy to process, it will help you create a real interior masterpiece.

Preparing an idea for implementation

The first thing you need to decide is where exactly on the balcony the bench will be placed. From here you can choose the optimal size and design of the product.

To ensure that the work goes smoothly, be sure to draw up a drawing that will contain:

Placement of a bench in space;
Number and sizes of boxes;
Product dimensions (be sure to indicate each parameter on paper).

This scheme will help to avoid mistakes when cutting materials, assembling and installing the structure.

Scheme of a garden bench with an opening seat to the balcony:

Front end

Bottom of the bench

Bench top cover

Think about what design of drawers will be most convenient in your case (pull-out, opening from the top or from the end, etc.), about the presence of a back and armrests. Any additional elements make the bench more difficult to implement and require more materials.

How to decorate with carvings

Carved boxes look much more original and interesting, but such work requires certain skills and knowledge. For beginners who decide to try their hand at wood carving, experienced craftsmen recommend starting with simple geometric shapes and large patterns. With a certain amount of patience, even a novice master will be able to cope with such a task.

The drawing is applied to the surface with a pencil, each line is well drawn. After this, the pattern is carefully cut out with an oblique knife or chisel in strict accordance with the applied markings. Small flaws and irregularities can be corrected with a file or fine sandpaper.

The process of making a bench with a drawer for the balcony

The simplest bench-box for a balcony will look like a box made of chipboard with an opening top lid on hinges. The entire interior space of the bench will serve as storage space.

This bench consists of several elements:

two side walls;
front and back walls;
bottom;
top cover.

For more convenient storage organization, the internal compartment of the box can be divided into two parts by a partition and the lid can be made of two independent parts.

Making a bench with a drawer step by step:

Markings are applied to the chipboard bars and sheets exactly according to the dimensions of the product indicated in the drawings. Remember that the opposing parts (walls, bottom and lid) must match in size;
The necessary parts are sawn, their edges are carefully polished;
Next, markings for fastenings are applied to the parts. This must be done as accurately as possible so that the box does not become “skewed”;
Using an electric drill, holes are drilled for fastening all the elements of the bench;
When all the holes are ready, you can begin assembling the frame. If the box is not planned to be moved, its back wall can be attached to the wall of the balcony for better stability and strength of the product;
The walls and bottom of the bench are attached to the frame using screws;
The lid (or several lids) is attached last using hinges.

Video instruction:

This completes the process of assembling the bench with a functional drawer. The next step will be decorating it, but before that you need to perform a few more important steps.

The first thing is to once again go over all uneven edges, protruding chips, etc. with sandpaper. to avoid injury when using the bench.

The second is to treat the structure with protective compounds against insects and mold. This can be done by different means, just choose the one that suits you in terms of properties (for an open or closed room) and price.

Decorating a bench-box for a balcony

Since the main task of such a bench is to bring coziness and comfort to the balcony interior, its seat must be made soft. This can be done in several ways:

place a couple of comfortable pillows on the lid of the bench-box;
sew an oblong dense pillow with elastic bands at the corners, which will easily attach it to the lid and remove it if necessary;
cover the upper part of the bench with a pleasant-to-touch fabric or other material, use foam rubber as a soft filler.

It is also important to have a comfortable backrest. It can be either hard or soft. If you don’t want to upholster the elements of the drawer, you can also use ordinary pillows in this case - hang them on the wall instead of the back of the bench.

The most original looking seats and backrests are made from “fluffy” and soft materials – faux fur, velor, velsoft. They will add comfort and brightness to any interior.

To make the base of the bench look aesthetically pleasing, the wooden parts can be painted in any color that matches the interior of the balcony. In addition, an excellent solution would be to use stencils of a certain theme (plants, flowers, fish, etc.).

Related article: How to hang a clothesline on the balcony

The process of making a soft seat:

Peculiarities

On the balcony, a box with a seat will not take up much space and will become a cozy decoration of the space, as well as an interesting option for its proper layout. The purpose of the box under the bench can be very different . For example, it can completely replace a small cellar and protect vegetables from drying out and premature spoilage during the warm period. During the cold season, it will protect supplies from frost. But if you plan to store vegetable products in a box, you need to line the inside with insulation with a reflector.

Instead of provisions, it is convenient to keep used cans, spare blankets, pots and everything that will certainly come in handy one day in a box on the balcony. In addition, the box can be turned into a comfortable sofa, which is especially beneficial on a spacious balcony. An extra bed with ample storage will be useful in any apartment.

On top of the box there can be a hard bench or a soft seat made of foam rubber or pillows. A single piece of foam rubber is a budget solution, and pillows are a practical option since they can be used elsewhere.

It is most popular to design a bench-box with a top loading and a hinged lid. It is also used as a seat. Such boxes are equally advantageous when built into the corner and at the end of the balcony. The tall version of the chest-box is built up to the window sill, increasing the usable area of the structure.

Of course, you won’t be able to sit on such a box, but it is suitable for placing some design elements.

The second type of box, more popular, is a compact daybed with a drawer and doors. It is usually located at the end of the balcony for storing small-sized items. It will be convenient to equip the box with several shelves. This cabinet can be designed as an open shelving unit with baskets.

Another option is a banquette with a drawer. Comfortable seat on a sturdy base with internal storage. You won’t be able to take a full nap on it, but lying down with a book or sitting down with a cup of coffee is quite comfortable.

The most convenient, but the most dimensional type of balcony structure is a box-bed. This is a complete place for a relaxing holiday. If the balcony is glazed and insulated, you can use the bed all year round. And inside store food supplies and everything that takes up useful space in the apartment.

How to make a chest-bench for the balcony simply and inexpensively with your own hands

The chest is an ancient piece of furniture that has not lost its popularity. The secret of its success lies in the fact that one product combines several useful functions at once. First of all, it is a closed storage box, secondly, the chest can be used as a bench or table, thirdly, a little imagination - and it becomes a decorative object. In the living room or bedroom, such a box can be used as a coffee table or bedside table, but in the hallway, in the children's room, on the balcony or in the kitchen, a bench will be more needed.

The traditional, most suitable material from which a chest is made is wood. Depending on the interior of the room and the tasks that the box will perform, you can decorate it yourself with fabric or leather upholstery, ceramic, mosaic, and artistic decor. And also add a mattress, soft pillows, etc.

Useful tips

When choosing a chest model that you plan to make with your own hands, you need to pay attention to the option that will fit perfectly with the interior of the house.

For a retro style, a restored element that has no cracks or abrasions is perfect.
Vintage style, on the contrary, requires a worn product with chips and scratches.
To prevent the design from being too conspicuous, the room needs to be supplemented with objects that will match the style of the chest (lamp, paintings).
If the room is designed strictly in white colors, and the structure is of some other shade, then it can be repainted in the color you need.

When creating a wooden craft, its final processing is very important. This includes sanding, tinting and varnishing. If there are still cracks on the surface of the product, they must be hidden using putty intended for wood.

Homemade decorative chests are usually placed in the bedroom, living room and children's room.

In the bedroom, the product can be installed near the bed, placing linen, towels, a blanket with pillows or jewelry there.

In the recreation area, the structure can be used as a coffee table, on which you can place a vase of flowers, a book or a newspaper.

In addition, such a decorative element can be placed in the bathroom, and jars of cream, shampoos, cosmetics and much more can be stored in it.

Making a universal chest

We propose to make a chest that, thanks to its small size and flat lid, can be placed on the balcony, in the nursery, or in the hallway. It is universal, has a reliable design, and everyone can choose the finishing option depending on their own taste and interior requirements.

What do you need for work?

To make a chest for a balcony, you should prepare tools and finishing materials:

hacksaw;
jigsaw;
screwdriver;
piano loop;
folding or telescopic brackets to hold the lid in the open position;
self-tapping screws;
clamps;
paint;
paint brush;
masking tape;
hot glue, construction gun;
a grinding machine with attachments or sandpaper;
wood glue.

We recommend choosing veneered chipboard (16 mm) or thick plywood as the main manufacturing material.

You need to cut it yourself or order cutting of the following blanks:

2 pcs. for the front and rear walls (in diagram A) – 26x85 cm;
2 pcs. side walls (B) – 26x37 cm;
1 piece for the bottom (E) – 37x82 cm;
1 for cover (G) – 42.2x87.2 cm;

For supports, use a wooden beam with a section of 15x15 mm:

2 parts (C) 820x15x15 mm;
2 parts (D) 340x15x15 mm.

You need to cut out the following from a 15 mm board:

mounting rail (F) with parameters 696x15x33 mm;
4 leg blanks 350x15x92 mm;
4 leg blanks 350x15x77 mm.

In the presented version, square-shaped wooden frames made of boards (9x33 mm) are used as decorative elements. You will need:

12 planks of 13 cm;
8 planks of 10 cm each.

You will also need 1 mounting rail (in diagram H) - 80 cm.

The diagram below clearly demonstrates all the components to make a chest for a balcony.

You will also need 3 linear meters of wooden slats (16x4 mm) to make overlays - finishing the box lid. If an edge strip or a special profile is used instead of a strip, the parameters of the cover (G) should be reconsidered and the thickness of the strip should be increased.

Work order

Prepare the workpieces for work: sand their surfaces and ends with emery cloth. After that, start assembling:

Attach support bars D and C to the inner parts of the box walls using glue and self-tapping screws. This should be done in such a way that they become flush with the lower edges of the sidewalls. The bottom of the box will be mounted to these bars.
Drill holes for self-tapping screws (53x3.5 mm) in the walls of the box for assembly. Connect the parts, having previously coated all contact surfaces with glue. The overhead legs will hide the screw heads.
We put the bottom inside the box and screw it with self-tapping screws to the installed supports. The bottom is an important part of the entire structure, ensuring its rigidity.

We cut down one of the parts of the paired legs to the thickness of the joint, so the leg will be symmetrical. Glue the parts together in pairs. We fix the connections with clamps and leave until the glue dries completely.
Afterwards we cover all the parts with stain. To achieve a darker color on the legs, apply several layers of the product.
When the processing is completed, the stain has dried, we begin to open the parts with varnish. To get a glossy shine, you need to apply the varnish in 3 passes. Apply each subsequent layer only after the previous one has dried.
We install the box sideways to install the corner legs. We carry out the work from the inside using self-tapping screws. Don't forget to further strengthen the connections with glue.
We install the mounting rail F using adhesive. We fix the connection with 3 screws. The latter should be screwed into the box from its inside. Putting off work until it's complete

glue drying.
We attach a piano loop to the rail for further hanging of the chest lid.
Let's move on to finishing the lid. Glue the lining to the ends. We fix the glued strips with masking tape until they dry completely. If you consider it necessary to trim the upper edges of the walls with edging, you should pay attention to the position of the F strip; the piano hinge must be in the correct position.
We hang the lid on the finished box.
To be able to hold the upper part in the open position, we will install brackets (folding or telescopic). Sometimes, to simplify the design of boxes, brackets are not used - the chest is placed in a room or on a balcony near the wall. Therefore, when opening the lid leans against it.
You can start decorating the chest on the balcony with your own hands. We cut the ends of the planks at an angle of 45 degrees to form squares. We collect the elements using a mustache and glue them together. We tint the installed decor in the desired color using stain, and after drying, coat it with varnish. The product will look harmonious if the tone of the finish matches the tone of the legs. Using glue, we decorate the box (front panels) with wooden squares as shown in the photo, or choose our own option for placing the finishing.

Related article: Impregnation for lining on the balcony

Options for arranging a soft bench-chest seat

The box will be more comfortable for sitting if you sew a soft mattress with your own hands. To do this, measure the parameters of the cover and cut out a similar rectangular piece of thick foam rubber. Then you should cut out and sew a cover for it from the fabric. Recessing the stitches into the filling, additionally sew the mattress. This will allow it to better retain its shape. Attach the soft seat to the lid of the chest in a way that is convenient for you. We suggest drilling two holes in each corner to thread the laces that secure the product.

Beautiful bright pillows will make the arrangement more comfortable, in addition, they will decorate your balcony.

Soft products, made by yourself and in harmony with the overall style of the space, can be placed not only on top of the seat, but also made part of a wooden or improvised hanging backrest.

Improvise, use your imagination, and the chest-bench will help you organize the storage of necessary things and sit comfortably on the balcony.

Simple seat on the balcony

At this site we made a cabinet from lining. The customer asked if we could make him a built-in nightstand. You can put things inside and sit on it. We offered him this option.

The frame was assembled from slats with a cross section of 20*45 mm. The front wall was made of clapboard. The top cover was also mounted from clapboard. The ends were covered with a decorative corner.

The seat cover was secured with 2 hinges. The hinges are screwed to the front, so the structure opens to a person. This is the simplest option, it is done faster than others. To make the lid rigid, we reinforced it with 3 slats.

The customer liked sitting on our furniture. He said - I’ll throw pillows here and read books, otherwise there’s nowhere to hide from the TV in the apartment.

Locker made of furniture board

When we arrived at the site, we saw the frame for the locker had already been completed. The customer installed it himself - the job stopped halfway. He asked us to do everything again. Then there would be holes left from the old nails. So People's Windows came up with another plan to convert the old locker into a new one.

We thought of a neat chest for storing camping equipment. Everything should fit here - my pot, grill for meat, skewers, folding table. That's what the customer wanted.

Also, make me a smooth lid. I want to sit, smoke and chat on the phone with friends. Yes, you need a place to put your laptop.

All the owner's wishes were fulfilled.

We made the top cover from solid wood 18 mm thick. This locker lid is smooth. It is convenient to move the fifth point. This chest is very similar to a shop in terms of functionality.

As a result, this furniture can accommodate one person of any weight and build.

We made and installed a folding table close to the seat.

The laptop will be located here. The table was set at a height for a specific person.

All the customer’s wishes were taken into account. He was pleased and undoubtedly spends more time on his favorite balcony.

Legs

They can be of any shape - carved, barrel-shaped, rectangular or square. The simplest option is the last one. You can also use legs from an old sofa if they are strong enough and match the color and style:

Place rubber or felt pads on the underside to prevent your chest from damaging the floor.
Screw the legs, and to be sure, coat the joints with wood glue.
Check how horizontal the bottom is - if it is tilted, stick another gasket under the questionable leg.

Important! The chest can have no legs at all; such a design will be even simpler.

Full bench (bench) on the balcony

The owner wanted a full-fledged shop. I want a wide bench so that I can sit down and smoke, so that there is room for the cat, just me and my son, so that I can sit down and discuss business. That's what he said. But of course, so that there is no wasted space, make a luggage compartment inside.

We offered our own option. Make the frame from 40*40 mm timber. Install a rib inside to distribute the load over the lid area. Make it yourself from 28 mm solid wood. The sides of the bench were covered with clapboard.

Work was in full swing. We bought the best material, put a cabinet in one corner, and made a desk from solid pine in the other corner. Then we set to work on the bench. The frame was installed quickly in 0.5 days, measurements were taken, the radii of curvature were approved and the dimensions were passed on to the guys in the carpentry. The next day the bench was completely assembled.

Thick base (28 mm) – gives greater strength to the structure. Using a milling table made it possible to carefully round the corners and chamfer them. The lining was screwed on with “invisible” screws (some of it went under the baseboard, some of it was invisible under the cover).

The customer received everything he wanted. A durable, neat product that will last for many years. Here, you can sit alone with your son, discuss plans, look into the distance.

Chest of drawers on the balcony

Built-in lockers on balconies are not suitable for everyone. Therefore, at our next project, we made a cabinet chest of drawers that you can sit on. The material was laminated chipboard. The tabletop was made thick, 24 mm thick. They made two huge boxes inside.

To make it comfortable to sit on the chest of drawers, the owners asked for a backrest. We made it hanging. The back does not come into contact with the chest of drawers and serves solely to support the back.

We were also asked to make a folding table from the same material.

As a result, we occupied the entire left side of the balcony with furniture. It is not only pleasing to the eye but also functional. You can put school notebooks and textbooks in the boxes. Now it will be more pleasant to study your lessons while enjoying the beautiful view.