The socket for the hob and oven must meet all safety requirements and must be installed following all installation rules. Such household appliances are now in great demand in any kitchen; you will learn how to connect them to the mains later in this article.
You need to take the choice of electrical installation devices and wiring seriously, because now any equipment “eats” a lot of electricity and the issue of saving should be one of the first places. To do this, you need to select separate lines with a special design for sockets.
Next, we’ll find out how to connect the socket for the oven and hob with your own hands.
Is it possible to place the oven against the wall?
It is not recommended to place the oven, like the hob, close to the refrigerator - this can negatively affect the operation of both appliances. It is also impossible to install equipment close to the wall - it is advisable to leave 5–10 cm.
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What sockets are needed for powerful equipment?
The oven requires power sockets of 16-32 A, depending on the technical characteristics of the equipment.
The cable and socket for the oven should be selected according to the power of the device. It is usually indicated in the technical documentation for the equipment. Basically, ovens operate at a voltage of 220/380 V. The current strength here is 25/32 A. It all depends on whether the equipment in front of the master is single-phase or three-phase.
More often, the following sockets for stoves and ovens are used for powerful cabinets:
- For 16 A and 220 V. Designed for standard household appliances with a power of up to 3.5 kW.
- At 32A/220 V. Used with single-phase ovens with a power of 3.6-7 kW.
- At 20 A/380 V. Designed for three-phase equipment.
All power points for powerful equipment are grounded. Therefore, they have more terminals than standard elements. For single-phase sockets, there are two supply points and one ground. Three-phase ones have 3 feeders, one for grounding, one for zero (5 in total).
Features of work
The induction hob and built-in oven are functional and look stylish in the kitchen. When installing these kitchen appliances, the operating features must be taken into account.
- The heating elements of the induction hob burners are induction coils. Unlike the Tubular Heater of a conventional electric stove, the induction model consumes 1.5 times less electricity. However, to provide power, powerful wiring rated for a current of at least 32 A and a circuit breaker are required.
- Heating of the dishes is provided by a powerful high-frequency magnetic field created under the influence of electricity in induction coils. Beyond the burners 3 Washing machine, the magnetic field ceases to operate.
- Only special cookware with ferromagnetic properties can be used with induction cookers. The bottom of the pan must be absolutely flat.
- When the appliance is turned on, it creates a slight noise effect due to the operation of the cooling fan provided in the design of the hob.
- An induction cooker uses a wave spectrum of the same length as a microwave oven. Caution should be taken. It is strictly forbidden to lean on the device when it is turned on.
Operating principle of an induction cooker
A new generation device - an invention that combines the action of magnetic and electric current - makes the cooking process fast and safe. During operation, the cooker generates a high-frequency magnetic field, heating the cookware by induced eddy currents. The glass-ceramic coating of the oven heats up only from hot dishes at the point of contact. Therefore, for the housewife, the risk of food residues burning on the stove is reduced to “0”.
By following all operating rules, new generation equipment will allow you to experience all the comfort and ease of the cooking process. This device provides maximum output of thermal energy - efficiency is up to 90%. The technology allows you to speed up the heating time of a certain oven element with which the dishes come into contact. There are also significant energy savings.
Recommendations for wiring and circuit breakers
- for a group of sockets into which devices up to 3.5 kW are connected, a 16A circuit breaker is installed
- for devices up to 5.5 kW automatic 25A. Moreover, it is better to extend a separate group to this pantograph
You can also navigate using the following table for selecting machines and cables when connecting a hob:
- since the kitchen is a wet room, plus a huge number of objects with a metal case, it is mandatory to install an incoming RCD with a current of 30 mA in the panel in front of all machines
- all sockets must have a grounding contact, for a rated current of up to 16A, for hidden wiring
- A separate socket is installed for each pantograph
- do not use carriers or extension cords in the kitchen
This is not only an additional load on the wiring, but also a potential short circuit (due to spilled tea or other liquid).
Locations for installing power points
The oven socket cannot be installed in the following areas of the kitchen, according to established standards:
- on the wall in close proximity to hot equipment;
- in the area of wet objects: washing, draining, water pipes;
- at a height much larger than the working surface;
- near gas pipes - sockets are removed from them by at least 40 cm;
- in close proximity to the floor - it is advisable to raise the power point 15-20 cm from its level, ideally 100 cm.
A good area to install a power point is the wall under the countertop - under the built-in furniture. In this case, access to the outlet is always open, and the area where it is located remains dry. Connecting the plug to the socket is very simple here.
Craftsmen recommend refraining from the decision to make an outlet behind the oven. The feeding point should be located in a dry place accessible to the owner’s eye. It should not be exposed to temperature changes. And in any case, this is inevitable when the cabinet is operating.
Another point worth considering is the operation of the combi oven (steam supply to industrial installations). Even in small quantities, condensation can settle on an outlet located behind the equipment. This is already an assumption of an emergency situation.
A power point installed immediately behind the cabinet may prevent it from being organically integrated into the overall “ensemble” of the kitchen. The equipment will unsightly protrude beyond the same common line with the furniture.
Connection options
To connect the oven, use the following diagrams:
- Single-phase. It is used if the room is equipped only with a single-phase network with a voltage of 220 V.
- Two-phase or three-phase. It is used to increase power and at the same time increase efficiency.
The manufacturer cannot predict in advance which circuit the consumer will use, which is why hobs do not have a standard electrical plug.
Important! An oven is not such a powerful device, therefore, for its normal operation, a household electrical network is designed, the voltage of which is 220 V. That is why such equipment comes with a standard Euro plug with grounding contacts in the design.
Hood
Also at the top, at a height of 1.9m-2.0m, there is an outlet for the hood. However, a lot can depend on the brand. If this is a cheap option, then you can get by with the cable outlet and then connect it directly inside the equipment.
But if this is an expensive model, then it comes with its own fork. And cutting off the factory plug will void the warranty.
Today, many people install hobs instead of a full-fledged stove, and then install a separate oven. In some situations, this is a very rational approach when arranging a kitchen. When designing a box for an oven, even furniture assemblers sometimes forget about one little thing, which is nevertheless very important. And you have to think about where to install the socket for the oven immediately before using it. A regular extension cord is often used, but it is not always possible to use it. Let's look at everything in more detail.
Optimal places for placement
It is imperative to take into account that the outlet must be located at a level below the countertop. It is best to use a box to place it.
Important! It is imperative to take into account the availability of free space near the outlet, since access to it must be free. This nuance is very important for safety, since even a correctly installed socket can break or catch fire. In case of danger, the device must be quickly disconnected from the power supply.
You can install the socket for the oven in the immediate vicinity of the hood duct or on the working wall of the kitchen unit.
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Possible mistakes
Sometimes craftsmen make the following mistakes when installing sockets under the oven:
- Lay a separate wire, grounding the power point to pipes and risers. This is life-threatening.
- Connect other household kitchen appliances to the oven's power circuit. This provokes emergency situations.
- Three-phase models of equipment are connected to a single-phase electrical line. Some of the hob burners will be blocked, and their indicators will show residual heat.
To choose the right socket for your oven, you must first read the technical documentation for it. You cannot use a double combination socket to connect a hob and oven at the same time. A separate powerful cable is pulled for each type of equipment. If both types of equipment are on the same supply line, this will trigger the machine.
In new buildings, the issue of connecting power lines to kitchen electrics is already provided for. Therefore, here it is easier for the master to connect with his own hands.
How to properly arrange sockets in the kitchen - height, quantity and placement
The kitchen space includes household appliances (stove, refrigerator, hood, microwave oven) that require separate connectors for power supply. In typical apartments, it is necessary to adjust the placement of sockets when carrying out repairs for the author's project. When drawing up the diagram, the parameters of the kitchen unit, the height and length of the walls, and window blocks are taken into account. Before placing sockets in the kitchen, you need to count the number of household electrical appliances.
Layout of sockets in the kitchen
When installing new kitchen furniture, you can use a ready-made professional scheme for work. In the absence of a drawing, it is necessary to think over a plan in accordance with the parameters of the space.
When designing the layout of sockets in the kitchen, the size and configuration of the unit are taken into account. A detailed drawing of the furniture is drawn up with parameters, including small elements (drawers, shelves), for an accurate plan of power supply sources for household appliances. Marking begins with large and built-in devices that are not planned to be moved. The next step is sockets from medium and compact devices; The drawing indicates the height and dimensions of the connection points.
The layout of electrical appliances for safe operation is regulated by regulatory documentation. The standards for the location of sockets are described in GOSTs 7396.1-89, 7397.0-89, 8594-80, data from SNiP 3.05.06-85.
Basic requirements regulate the installation height of sockets no more than 2 m in height from the floor covering. Electrical appliances are placed at a distance of no more than 1 m from the connector.
According to safety regulations, the location of sockets in the kitchen should be at a sufficient distance from steam and water splashes, and changes in temperature conditions.
The design and diagram depend on the type of sockets that are produced:
- invoices;
- corner;
- retractable;
- built-in (hidden).
The overhead elements are standard and are optimal for connecting open wiring. The designs are easy to install, but are not the most harmonious for kitchen spaces.
Corner power supply designs are popular in kitchen spaces because... functional, ergonomic. The elements are located at the joints of wall panels or walls and hanging racks. Corner connectors can be single or multi-part (modular), allowing efficient use of available space. Installation of structures is standard.
Socket installation diagrams
Installation diagram of equipment and sockets
Connecting the power point can be done in the following ways:
- Open installation. Provides for the use of an overhead socket on the wall. Power points must be installed openly on wooden walls. This is regulated by the PUE. It is prohibited to embed either wiring or sockets into the tree. For concrete, brick, gas blocks, the open installation method is at the discretion of the master, if it fits into the overall concept of the kitchen interior.
- Hidden way. Involves inserting a socket into the wall. This method is most often used when carrying out major renovations in the kitchen or before finishing, since the work is quite dirty. You will have to significantly damage the tiled kitchen apron. However, for an experienced master this is not a problem.
From a fire safety point of view, the open method of installing sockets is more preferable. In addition, they can be easily built into kitchen cabinets or tables.
Is the cabinet blocking the outlet? I found a simple solution without moving the socket itself
Let's say you made repairs or rearranged furniture and something began to block the outlet.
Is this a familiar situation?
A wardrobe or sofa or something else is blocking the socket, the plug will not fit A wardrobe or sofa or something else is blocking the socket, the plug will not fit
I was rearranging my apartment and the following problem arose. At first I didn’t know how to solve it, I didn’t want to move everything back and moving the sockets was also not the best option, it was too long and tedious.
After searching for possible solutions to the situation and asking friends, I found the simplest solution. The Chinese are again ahead of the curve and have long ago resolved this issue, which sooner or later affects everyone (this is not advertising, if anything, look for it yourself in household stores)
How to connect the fishing line to the electrical panel?
When the oven is connected to the electrical panel, it is recommended to allocate a separate mowing line for it, which is protected by an automatic switch:
- If the rated current of the device is 16A, a 25A circuit breaker is installed.
- If - 32A, the switch must be taken at 40A.
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Important! A protective ground connection is required. The oven power cable has one grounding conductor connected to the appliance body. It is brought out in order to connect to the corresponding contact on the electrical plug. The insulation color of such a core is yellow-green.
Sometimes the insulation of the lead-out wires may be the same color or the markings may not be the same as usual.
Important! If you make the connection yourself, you must make sure that all pins are connected correctly.
In order to detect the phase conductor, you can use an ordinary indicator screwdriver. But in order not to confuse the ground and neutral wires, you will have to use a tester.
To determine the phase, neutral and ground wires, you can use the following algorithm:
- Using an indicator screwdriver, in the place where the electrical outlet will be installed, you should determine the phase wire. It must be marked with electrical tape or signed.
- To determine the neutral wire on the electrical panel, an indicator screwdriver is also used.
- To detect the grounding conductor, you need to carefully inspect the metal body of the shield or a special block. Usually he connects to them.
- Next, the phase and neutral wires from the input circuit breaker are disconnected. Then they need to be connected to each other.
- On the device side, you need to check the resistance using a tester, which is formed between the phase wire and the remaining two. When the resistance value is minimal, this indicates that the neutral wire has been detected.
- After identifying and labeling all the wires, you can install the socket and connect the cable to the circuit breaker.
