Gates
Do-it-yourself swing gates are the most popular type, which is chosen to improve small private areas and large yard areas. This is due to ease of installation and reliability during operation. Allows you to reliably protect your property and save your budget. It is important to consider the features in advance so that you can build them yourself.
Do-it-yourself swing model - drawings, diagrams, sketches, design
Advantages
It is distinguished by its simplicity, which explains its great popularity and demand. But along with the advantages, there will definitely be disadvantages.
The benefits of use include:
- ease of installation, especially if there are step-by-step instructions for assembly and installation;
- strength - it is maintained throughout the entire period of operation, but only when all rules were followed during assembly;
- possibility of installation even in the most northern latitudes;
- opening/closing is automated if desired and can be controlled remotely;
- affordable price.
Advantages of the swing variety
The main disadvantages are:
- you need a lot of free space when opening - especially if there is only one sash;
- You won’t be able to repair it yourself if it breaks; you need to call a technician.
Types of sliding gates
Sliding gates
There are three types of sliding gates depending on the location of the guide:
1 Hanging . The door leaf, equipped with rollers, is suspended on a beam. This option is reliable and durable - suspended gates of industrial facilities, installed more than 50 years ago, are successfully functioning to this day. A serious drawback is the need to install the beam at a high height so that any equipment can pass through the gate, since the design turns out to be metal-intensive and, accordingly, very expensive.
Hanging gates
2 Rail . Rollers for moving are attached to the bottom of the canvas; they move along a rail mounted on the surface of the earth. The upper roller on one of the consoles (on the side where the gate leaves) additionally holds the door leaf. The advantage of the design is its compactness - the canvas moves beyond the opening only by its width. The disadvantages include the need to constantly maintain cleanliness around the rail, since snow, fallen leaves, and random debris can block the movement of the rail.
Rail gates
3 Console . The canvas is equipped with a guide beam and suspended on cantilever roller blocks. As a result, the bottom edge of the sliding sash does not touch the ground. The guide beam is usually mounted at the bottom of the blade, but can be located in the middle or at the top, depending on specific conditions.
Fully extended design
Advantages and disadvantages of cantilever sliding gates
The advantages of the cantilever design include:
- no upper or lower restrictions on dimensions
- a gap of 10 cm between the door leaf and the ground surface - snowfall and random debris will not interfere with the operation of the gate
- easy, effortless movement of the blade, rolling elements are located inside the beam - they are protected from atmospheric influences
- the ability of the canvas to withstand high wind loads due to the system of its fixation in a vertical position
- the ability to equip the gate with security elements and an electric drive with remote control
Cantilever gates are not without their drawbacks:
- They are quite difficult to install and are demanding on the length of the fence
Design
The swing type is the most ancient of all. Nowadays it is more common to install in an automated complex.
There are these types:
- bisexual - with two doors, this is a simple option for the home, the most popular type;
Bisexual
- unisexual - with one valve;
Single leaf
- combined - with a gate inside, this type is most often organized to save space, for example, in warehouses.
According to the frame material there are:
- wooden;
Wood paneled
- metal, iron.
Sheathed with metal
For cladding, wood, forging, profiled or smooth metal, polycarbonate, metal mesh, and chain-link are used. It can be combined - then it combines several different materials at once.
Regardless of the choice of materials, the arrangement remains the same. For use on a summer cottage, the following elements must be included:
- racks - represent the supporting part;
- frame – formed from wood, metal (allows for improved density);
- sheathing;
- loops;
- locks and latches.
Types of gates
They are built into the gate complex or mounted between individual pillars. The variety of finished gates is simply amazing. Existing species can be differentiated according to different characteristics, and this must be taken into account before purchasing. Buying and even making a gate with your own hands is much easier than subsequently exchanging, returning or redoing it.
A simple example for a summer residence
Wooden
The most common and economical type, allowing the use of inexpensive environmentally friendly material. The only drawback is its fragility and the need for constant care.
The photo shows design options for a summer cottage.
Wooden structures
From corrugated sheet
They can be made as a temporary or permanent option if the fence is constructed from the same material. Often, doors made of corrugated sheets also include combined ones, in which PFL is used as a means to close the gaping gaps between the rods or components.
Forged
Durable, decorative, solid or made of twigs, with guaranteed long service life. They are considered especially reliable and at the same time extremely decorative. The disadvantages of forged ones include their rather high cost.
However, if the owner has a welding machine, there are no problems in making it yourself, especially if you choose the right material and draw up a preliminary diagram.
Forged elements
Wickets of any type are differentiated into types according to the following characteristics:
- according to the material of manufacture: wooden, forged, from metal rods or metal sheets, corrugated sheets, metal profiles and even wood composite and wooden picket fences;
- by the presence or absence of a threshold or canopy in the supporting frame (if it is built separately or embedded in swing doors with a gate - this point is of no small importance, as well as the intention in arranging the canopy);
- according to the size of the door (standard - 1x2 m, but sometimes it is 140 cm in height);
- according to style features (only in metal it is possible to make forged swing doors in about 10 of the most commonly used styles, but real professionals also create options in different styles from profiled sheets);
- doors can be of different designs: solid, half, made of rods with closed gaps, simple rectangular, with a rounded top, or even in the form of an object or animal;
- by the type of attachment to the gate or support post, which largely determines the category of the gate (swing and forged, swing insulated, solid metal, made of corrugated sheets, etc.);
- by type of shutter device, presence of an electronic lock or intercom.
Sketch of forged products
Not every type of gate and wicket can be easily and hassle-free equipped with your own hands. There are a lot of nuances, especially in complex types, which are known only to those who are constantly engaged in the installation and installation of different types of fences and entrances to the territory of the land plot.
Installation
By following the steps of the manual, you can carry out the process yourself. To do this, first create a drawing, since all work will require accuracy. If you can’t do it yourself, you can find it online and use it. An approximate order of work is as follows:
- pouring the foundation;
- installation of supports;
- frame formation;
- sheathing
Steps on how to make a high-quality system with your own hands
Tools for work
Tools for making gates with your own hands
To mark and coordinate the plane, verticality during welding and installation, you will need a tape measure, level, construction angle, pencil or core.
Other tools:
- electric or arc welding with a set of consumables;
- screwdriver, Phillips screwdriver
- angle grinder (grinder) with a steel wheel and a cleaning disk;
- hammer, pliers;
- drill.
Land work will require a bayonet shovel, a crowbar, and an ax. To mix concrete you need a concrete mixer or a trough or a shovel. Painting is done with a spray gun or using a roller and brush with a cuvette.
Pole installation methods
Implemented in several ways. Basically, only the strengthening of the supports differs. Performance characteristics depend on it. Pillars are most often made of metal - they are usually combined with gates made of corrugated sheets. They weigh little, so the strength of the supports is enough to fully hold them without deformation. If desired, the size can be increased.
Mounting methods:
- Clogging. The advantages of this option include efficiency, speed, the ability to replace, repair, and do it yourself. They are driven into a prepared hole 1.2 m deep. Then they are connected to the entire fence, connecting to each other with a removable bar. Be sure to place only on a flat surface.
- Concreting. This method makes it possible to obtain additional stability. The process is implemented with or without fittings. The holes are made at least 2 m deep. A post is placed in the hole, leveled, the hole is filled with concrete, additionally placing a glass of reinforcement in it. Concreting takes up to 1.5 m depth.
Concreting
Schemes, drawings
A prerequisite is to draw up an accurate diagram. Without it, it is impossible to build resilience.
Scheme
Why choose swing gates
Depending on the method of opening, gates can be swing or sliding. Swing gate leaves are hung on metal hinges, which allow you to partially adjust their position and eliminate the possibility of them falling.
It is very important to position the gates correctly in relation to each other. Only when properly aligned do they allow them to open and close freely and smoothly.
According to building regulations, swing gates must open towards the property.
When deciding on this type of gate, you need to leave enough space for the wings to open. The above conditions do not necessarily have to be met by sliding gates.
The choice of gate depends largely on the preferences of the property owner, but is often also determined by other factors such as the size of the lot or the length of the driveway.
- The main function of the gate is to provide convenient and safe vehicle access to the territory. In addition, aesthetic appearance is no less important.
- Swing gates are a traditional solution that is very popular. This type of gate is mainly installed in areas with a large distance between the fence and buildings.
Swing gates also have a classic look and beautiful design (it can be seen in the photo of swing gates), which is suitable for most styles, and therefore finds recognition among many fans of dachas and private homes.
Manufacturing and installation of sashes
To form straight, technically correct sashes, the metal profile is first cut to the required dimensions in accordance with the documentation. You need to follow the instructions on how to weld the parts correctly and firmly. Lines are drawn on each side of the strip at an angle of 45 degrees, then a cut is made along them with a grinder. To improve the adhesion of seams from the welding machine, their places are well cleaned.
The profiles are first placed on a leveled surface and tightly joined to each other in the corners. For the purpose of fastening, it is permissible to use corner clamps - otherwise known as fixing clamps. To be on the safe side, before you start cooking, you need to check with a square that the profiles are correctly fixed - first from the inside, then from the outside. The horizontal also needs to be checked - with a level.
Doors
A tape measure will allow you to control the height and width. If an error is made, the rules for cutting corners and the location of each element are rechecked.
When all the nodes are adjusted, the seams are first intercepted by spot welding, then welded completely. Welding areas are ground with a grinder using a petal attachment. Subsequently, before painting, small voids in the seam areas are additionally treated with automotive putty.
With automatic
Now you can begin joining the crossbars at 90 degrees. To prevent the sashes from becoming crooked, in addition to the transverse jumpers, the arrangement of at least one diagonal will improve the rigidity. It will be possible to establish the angle of connection with the profile only experimentally - it depends entirely on the chosen system.
For the purpose of hanging, one side is reinforced with a piece of metal corner.
Requirements for garage doors
SNiP and GOST do not regulate how many meters the dimensions of a garage should be. Only recommendations and tables are provided on the characteristics of garages for cars, distance from individual housing construction (IHC), as well as other neighboring buildings.
Garage
The dimensions will depend on the type of structure:
- lifting;
- sectional;
- roll;
- recoil;
- swing
Drawing with the width of the product for the garage
The standard size is calculated taking into account the width of the car plus 90 cm on both sides (car door opening) or in the range of 2.6–2.9 m. For jeeps, trucks or minibuses, the height of the gate plus 40 cm should also be taken into account.
Sliding
Retractable ones are more popular in areas that are not subject to heavy snowfall or too much drop in air temperature. They are formed so that when closing they move along the channel in the concrete foundation. They are usually controlled by automatic mechanisms, which makes it possible to operate remotely.
Sliding with one leaf
Construction begins with a sketch on which all dimensions are marked. The width of the opening is no more than 4 m, and the height is equal to the fence.
You need to prepare all the components and tools. The most suitable canvases are profiled metal sheets and corrugated sheets. Some owners prefer wooden beams, forged, cast iron elements for cladding.
A space for opening is being prepared along the fence. The planned dimensions are established in advance.
Sliding with two doors
A rail or profile is formed on the ground. The system moves along it after being hung on rollers. Roller parts and additional brackets can also be mounted on top; they will help fix it while moving.
Characteristics of swing gates
There are both single leaf gates available, suitable for narrow areas, and double leaf gates, which are often better made and offer greater security and durability.
Due to their design, sliding gates have a limited design, so lovers of classic styles and original patterns are unlikely to find a suitable model among them.
They will love beautiful swing gates, which offer a wide range of different options and styles, both classic and modern. They often have interesting decorations that make the fence more noticeable and beautiful.
It is worth remembering that the fence and gates must be in harmony with the style of buildings on the site. An ornate carved gate will not look good next to a home designed in a modern, minimalist style.
The downside of using swing gates for a dacha will be the limited use of the space immediately behind the gate - in order to open it to its full width, there should be nothing standing on the other side.
Regulations require that gates be installed in such a way that they open inward, so swing gates should only be installed in areas with long driveways where they will not be an obstacle.
What else speaks in favor of choosing swing gates? Price is certainly one of the important factors, since such designs are relatively cheaper than massive modern sliding gates.
Of course, swing gates are the cheapest, but their use in the long term can be problematic.
Console
Difficult to arrange, unlike other types. Helps guarantee reliable operation even in severe frosts in winter. The main advantages of this type:
- no height restrictions;
- Possibility of installing just one support post.
It does not contact the ground rail, so operation is comfortable and does not cause problems in any weather.
Console
Fixed only on the prepared frame. It must be metal - made of pipes, angles, profiles. A guide is welded to the frame below, and roller carriages are already mounted inside it. It is thanks to these parts that the base can move in two directions - for opening/closing.
To clarify the size, you need to mentally divide into two parts:
- closing the opening;
- counterweight.
The length of the counterweight is about 35-50% of the width of the required opening. A foundation also needs to be formed under the cantilever part. Such a base should be able to withstand loads well during movement. For this purpose, a channel numbered 20 is prepared in advance; the length is equal to the length of the cantilever part. Then they dig a pit, it is adjacent to the pillar. The dimensions of the pit are slightly larger than the selected channel, the depth is strictly slightly less than the freezing depth for a specific area.
It is also necessary to create at least two frames of reinforcement to tie the channel to the foundation.
Placed close to the support. If you take a 16 cm channel, then it is mounted at a distance of 5 cm from the pole. Mortgages are mounted flush with brickwork or other trim.
Console system diagram
When the foundation is poured, it is left to fully harden for approximately one month. It must stand securely. After a week, it becomes as strong as possible, so it is allowed to begin work on fastening and sheathing.
Accessories
The fittings sold on the construction market are varied. When selecting a suitable one, the width of the opening and weight are taken into account. The standard fittings kit includes the following parts:
- two roller bearings;
- guide 6 m long;
- end rollers;
- limiters;
- an additional device with two more rollers;
- caps for the ends of the beams.
Accessories
What drive for swing gates
This type of gate is available in single and double leaf versions. The wings are mounted on hinges attached to the fence posts. When choosing swing gates, some owners think about buying a drive.
For some people, using a gate without appropriate automation seems like an inconvenient solution. If the owner is going to purchase a swing gate operator, then he should consider some extremely important points.
- Firstly, this is the number of leaves - completely different mechanisms can be used in single-leaf gates than in double-leaf gates.
- The second criterion is the length of the wing and its weight. These factors must be taken into account in order for the installed drive to operate correctly.
The distance of the hinge from the edge of the rack is also extremely important - the drives will differ significantly in the case of narrow and wide racks. You should also take into account the frequency of use of the gate, as it significantly affects the service life of the installed drive.
The duration of operation of swing gate drives and their functionality is also greatly influenced by air resistance, which is especially noticeable during strong gusts of wind.
For gates where ventilation is limited (for example, doors with wooden or incomplete filling), it is recommended to use a drive with a higher power.
Solid doors have significantly greater resistance, so the drive power may be lower. This can be taken into account when creating a drawing of swing gates.
